Table 1.

Characteristic of the main access routes in pediatric patients.⁽¹⁶⁾

	Intraosseous access	Subclavian vein	Femoral vein	Internal jugular vein	External jugular vein	Axillary vein	Venous dissection
Access route during emergency treatment	+ + + +	+ +	+ + +	+ +	+ + +	+	+ +
Ease of performing the technique	+ + + +	+ +	+ + +	+ +	+ + +	+	+
Infection	+	+ +	+ +	+ +	+	+	+ +
Thrombosis	0	+	+ +	+	+	+	+ + + +
Other complications	+	+ +	+	+	0	+	0
Appropriate for long-term use	0	+ + +	+ +	+ +	+	+	0
Appropriate for short-term use	+ + + +	+ +	+ + +	+ + +	+ +	+ + +	+ +

0 - no effect/not applicable/no risk; + + + + - higher effect/most used/high risk; + - lower effect/less used/low risk.