. 2012 Oct-Dec;24(4):401–406. doi: 10.1590/S0103-507X2012000400018

Table 1.

Summary of results

Author	Sample	Study design	Type of ICU	Time of	Ventilatory	Control of cuff	ASS method	Use of	Results
	number			MV for the	prosthesis	pressure		prophylactic
	(N)			beginning of				antibiotic
				the evaluation				treatment
				of VAP
Vallés et al.⁽²¹⁾	153	Double-blind, randomized, controlled study	Medical-surgical	>72 hours	OTI with supra-cuff device (open versus closed dorsal suction port)	>20 mmHg, measured every four hours	Continuous	No	Reduces early-onset VAP incidence by 43.3%
Vallés et al.⁽²¹⁾		Double-blind, randomized, controlled study	Medical-surgical	>72 hours		>20 mmHg, measured every four hours	Continuous	No	Reduces early-onset VAP incidence by 43.3%
Kollef et al.⁽²⁶⁾	343	Prospective clinical trial	Cardiothoracic	Shortly after heart surgery	OTI with supra-cuff device (open versus closed dorsal suction port dorsal)	Not performed	Intermittent	Yes	Delayed VAP progression in the ASS group
Kollef et al.⁽²⁶⁾		Prospective clinical trial		Shortly after heart surgery				Yes	Delayed VAP progression in the ASS group
Smulders et al.⁽²²⁾	150	Randomized clinical trial	General	>72 hours	OTI with supra-cuff device versus conventional OTI	Cuff inflated in an empirical manner; pressure measured every four hours	Intermittent	No	10% of patients who developed VAP: 4% from the ASS group and 16% from the control group
Smulders et al.⁽²²⁾		Randomized clinical trial			OTI with supra-cuff device versus conventional OTI			No
Bouza et al.⁽¹⁵⁾	690	Prospective randomized clinical trial	Cardiothoracic	>48 hours	OTI with supra-cuff device versus conventional OTI TQT maintains standard used in OTI	20 to 30 mmHg, measured at every shift	Continuous	Yes	Reduces VAP incidence and the length of MV and ICU stay, in addition to reducing hospital costs
Bouza et al.⁽¹⁵⁾		Prospective randomized clinical trial				20 to 30 mmHg, measured at every shift		Yes
Lacherade et al.⁽²⁵⁾	333	Multicenter randomized and controlled clinical trial	Medical-	>48 hours	OTI with supra-cuff device versus conventional OTI	20 to 30 cmH₂O, measured every three hours	Intermittent (manual with syringe)	Yes	Reduces early- and late-onset VAP incidence
Lacherade et al.⁽²⁵⁾		Multicenter randomized and controlled clinical trial	surgical		OTI with supra-cuff device versus conventional OTI	20 to 30 cmH₂O, measured every three hours	Intermittent (manual with syringe)		Reduces early- and late-onset VAP incidence
Dezfulian et al.⁽²³⁾	896	Systematic meta-analysis							Reduces the risk of early-onset VAP by 50%. Reduces the days of MV and ICU stay
Dezfulian et al.⁽²³⁾		Systematic meta-analysis
Coffman et al.⁽²⁴⁾		Prospective study			Anatomical model: TQT with supra-cuff device versus conventional TQT		Absent Continuous Intermittent		Reduces saliva suction. Continuous ASS appears more effective

CU - intensive care unit; MV - mechanical ventilation; VAP - ventilator-associated pneumonia; ASS - aspiration of subglottic secretions; OTI - orotracheal intubation; TQT - tracheotomy.