Table 1.
Covariate distribution by treatment groups in the overall population, PS matched population, and SMR and inverse-probability of treatment weighted populations
| Overall | Propensity Score Matched | SMRW Weighted | IPTW weighted | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARB N=289,167 | ACEi N=947,004 | ARB N=288,401 | ACEi N=288,401 | ARB N=950,218* | ACEi N=947,004* | ARB N=289,919* | ACEi N=946,946* | |
| Patient characteristics | ||||||||
| Mean age (SD) | 55.6 (13.3) | 55.3 (13.9) | 55.6 (13.3) | 55.7 (13.3) | 55.8 (25.3) | 55.3 (13.9) | 55.8 (13.8) | 55.4 (13.8) |
| Male (%) | 48.0 | 52.5 | 48.0 | 47.7 | 52.2 | 52.5 | 51.2 | 51.5 |
| Medicare (%) | 22.3 | 22.5 | 22.3 | 22.4 | 24.0 | 22.5 | 23.6 | 22.5 |
| CVD management (%) | ||||||||
| Angiography | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Cardiac stress test | 7.2 | 6.1 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 6.4 |
| Echocardiograph | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 9.5 |
| Mean lipid tests (SD) | 0.59 (0.90) | 0.61 (0.93) | 0.59 (0.90) | 0.59 (0.90) | 0.61 (0.93) | 0.61 (0.93) | 0.59 (0.91) | 0.60 (0.93) |
| Angioplasty | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Coronary stent placement | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
| CABG | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| Comorbidities and acute events (%) | ||||||||
| MI | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.5 |
| MI in past 3 weeks | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Former MI | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Unstable angina | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Unstable angina in past 3 weeks | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 6.2 | 6.7 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 7.2 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 6.6 |
| Stroke | 3.6 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 3.9 |
| Diabetes | 22.3 | 31.2 | 22.2 | 22.2 | 31.3 | 31.2 | 29.2 | 29.1 |
| CKD | 2.2 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 1.8 |
| ESRD | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Hypertension | 55.2 | 44.3 | 55.2 | 54.7 | 44.4 | 44.3 | 46.9 | 46.9 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 27.6 | 26.7 | 27.6 | 27.7 | 26.3 | 26.7 | 26.6 | 26.9 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 |
| Heart failure | 2.0 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 3.1 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.6 |
| Prevalent medication use (%) | ||||||||
| Statins | 25.7 | 27.3 | 25.7 | 25.9 | 25.8 | 27.3 | 25.8 | 26.9 |
| Anti-platelets | 3.3 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 |
| Potassium-sparing diuretics | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
| Loop diuretics | 5.2 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 4.9 |
| Niacin | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 |
| Fibrates | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.4 |
| Ezetimibe | 4.2 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.7 |
| Anti-coagulants | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 |
| Concurrent medication initiation (%) | ||||||||
| Statins | 5.8 | 11.4 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 11.5 | 11.4 | 10.2 | 10.1 |
| Anti-platelets | 0.5 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.1 |
| Potassium-sparing diuretics | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Loop diuretics | 0.8 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.5 |
| Niacin | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Fibrates | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 |
| Ezetimibe | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.1 |
| Anti-coagulants | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
*
Synthetic N's derived from weights