Table 1.
Patient characteristics at start of antiretroviral therapy, stratified by CD4+ cell count at start of antiretroviral therapy.
| CD4+ cell count at start of ART (cells/μl) | P | ||||
| All | <350 | 351–499 | >500 | ||
| N | 9406 | 7860 | 1099 | 447 | |
| Age, median (IQR) | |||||
| years | 37 (32–43) | 37 (32–43) | 38 (32–44) | 35 (30–42) | 0.016a |
| Sex, n (%) | |||||
| Male | 7511 (79.9) | 6147 (78.2) | 958 (87.2) | 406 (90.8) | <0.0001b |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||||
| White | 5707 (60.7) | 4586 (58.4) | 787 (71.6) | 334 (74.7) | <0.0001b |
| Black African | 2034 (21.6) | 1861 (23.7) | 131 (11.9) | 42 (9.4) | |
| Black other | 473 (5.0) | 404 (5.1) | 52 (4.7) | 17 (3.8) | |
| Other/unknown | 1192 (12.7) | 1009 (12.8) | 129 (11.7) | 54 (12.1) | |
| Mode of HIV acquisition, n (%) | |||||
| Homosexual/bisexual | 5666 (60.2) | 4518 (57.5) | 801 (72.9) | 347 (77.6) | <0.0001b |
| Heterosexual | 3019 (32.1) | 2739 (34.9) | 212 (19.3) | 68 (15.2) | |
| Other/unknown | 721 (7.7) | 603 (7.7) | 86 (7.8) | 32 (7.2) | |
| Hepatitis B coinfection, n (%) | |||||
| No | 5986 (63.6) | 4913 (62.5) | 775 (70.5) | 298 (66.7) | <0.0001b |
| Yes | 290 (3.1) | 235 (3.0) | 29 (2.6) | 26 (5.8) | |
| Not tested | 3130 (33.3) | 2712 (34.5) | 295 (26.8) | 123 (27.5) | |
| Hepatitis C coinfection, n (%) | |||||
| No | 6209 (66.0) | 5107 (65.0) | 784 (71.3) | 318 (71.1) | <0.0001b |
| Yes | 398 (4.2) | 311 (4.0) | 67 (6.1) | 20 (4.5) | |
| Not tested | 2799 (29.8) | 2442 (31.1) | 248 (22.6) | 109 (24.4) | |
| Viral load, median (IQR) | |||||
| log10 copies/ml | 4.8 (3.9–5.3) | 4.8 (4.1–5.3) | 4.4 (3.3–5.0) | 4.3 (3.0–5.0) | <0.0001c |
| Year of starting ART, n (%) | |||||
| 2000–2003 | 2325 (24.7) | 2035 (25.9) | 160 (14.6) | 130 (29.1) | <0.0001b |
| 2004–2007 | 3734 (39.7) | 3257 (41.4) | 339 (30.9) | 138 (30.9) | |
| 2008–2010 | 3347 (35.6) | 2568 (32.7) | 600 (54.6) | 179 (40.0) | |
| Regimen type, n (%) | |||||
| 2 NRTI and PI (/r) | 2221 (23.7) | 1752 (22.3) | 295 (26.8) | 174 (38.9) | <0.0001b |
| 2 NRTI and PI | 169 (1.8) | 141 (1.8) | 16 (1.5) | 12 (2.7) | |
| 2 NRTI and NNRTI | 6513 (69.2) | 5559 (70.7) | 718 (65.3) | 236 (52.8) | |
| ≥3 NRTI | 203 (2.2) | 173 (2.2) | 22 (2.0) | 8 (1.8) | |
| Other combination | 300 (3.2) | 235 (3.0) | 48 (4.4) | 17 (3.8) | |
| Previous adverse event | |||||
| Yes | 825 (8.8) | 679 (8.6) | 98 (8.9) | 48 (10.7) | 0.31b |
ART, antiretroviral therapy; IQR, interquartile range; NNRTI, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI (/r), protease inhibitor (with/without ritonavir). P = p-value of test of an overall difference between the 3 CD4+ cell count groups.
aAnalysis of variance (ANOVA) test.
bChi-square test.
cKruskal–Wallis test.