(A) Colon cancer cells were treated with IL-22 for different time points. The amount of phosphorylated STAT3 and STAT3 protein was detected by western blotting.
(B-D) Sphere assay was performed with shSTAT3 (B, C) or STAT3C (D) expressing colon cancer cells in the presence of IL-22. Results are shown as sphere images (B) and the mean numbers of spheres in triplicate (C, D). (n = 5. *P < 0.01).
(E-G) Colon cancer cells expressing shSTAT3 or scrambled vector were cultured with IL-22. Stem cell core gene mRNAs were detected by real-time PCR after 6 hours (n = 5, *P < 0.05).
(H, I) STAT3-ChIP assay was performed DLD-1 cells cultured with or without IL-22. (mean +/- SEM, n = 3, *P < 0.05).