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| Risk parameter | |
|---|---|
| Dehydration | |
| History of difficult access | |
| Dark skin | |
| Obesity | |
| Hypotension | |
| Peripheral vasoconstriction | |
| Poor vein quality | |
| History of previous IV insertions | |
| Advanced age | |
| Young age, preterm and term neonates | |
| Drug abuse | |
| History of chemotherapy | |
| Telangiectasia | |
| Skin rash | |
| Low skill of the operator |
