Table 1.
Antihypertensive medications and/or their metabolites examined in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
| No | Antihypertensive medication (metabolites) | Ion mode |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Enalapril (enalaprilat) | Positive |
| 2 | Lisinopril | Positive |
| 3 | Perindopril (perindoprilat) | Positive |
| 4 | Ramipril (ramiprilat) | Positive |
| 5 | Quinalapril (qunilaprilat) | Positive |
| 6 | Trandolapril (trandolaprilat) | Positive |
| 7 | Candesartan (desethylcandesartan) | Positive |
| 8 | Irbesartan (hydroxyirbesartan) | Positive |
| 9 | Valsartan (hydroxyvalsartan) | Positive |
| 10 | Losartan (losartan acid) | Positive |
| 11 | Telmisartan | Positive |
| 12 | Olmesartan | Positive |
| 13 | Atenolol | Positive |
| 14 | Metoprolol | Positive |
| 15 | Propranolol | Positive |
| 16 | Labetolol | Positive |
| 17 | Bisoprolol | Positive |
| 18 | Nebivolol (hydroxynebivolol) | Positive |
| 19 | Amlodipine | Positive |
| 20 | Felodipine | Positive |
| 21 | Lercanidipine | Positive |
| 22 | Lacidipine | Positive |
| 23 | Nifedipine (hydroxynifedipinic acid, nifedipinic acid) | Negative |
| 24 | Diltiazem | Positive |
| 25 | Verapamil (norverapamil) | Positive |
| 26 | Bendroflumethiazide | Negative |
| 27 | Hydrochlorothiazide | Negative |
| 28 | Indapamide | Positive |
| 29 | Furosemide | Negative |
| 30 | Chlorthalidone | Positive |
| 31 | Bumetanide | Positive |
| 32 | Eplerenone | Positive |
| 33 | Spironolactone (canrenone) | Positive |
| 34 | Amiloride | Positive |
| 35 | Hydralazine | Positive |
| 36 | Doxazosin (hydroxydoxazosin) | Positive |
| 37 | Prazosin | Positive |
| 38 | Moxonidine (dehydromoxonidine) | Positive |
| 39 | Aliskiren | Positive |
| 40 | Methyldopa | Positive |
Ion mode—depending on their chemical structure (positively or negatively charged ions), antihypertensive medications or their metabolites were detected by positive or negative ion mode scanning of the spectrometer, respectively.