Table 3A.
Descriptive and inferential statistics for clinical outcome measures.
| Before Mean (SD) | After mean (SD) | 1-month FU | Comparisons Wilcoxon signed ranks test | Comparisons Wilcoxon signed ranks test | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome variables | RAGT | SIBT | RAGT | SIBT | RAGT | SIBT | RAGT | SIBT | ||
| T1 vs. T0 P value (95% CI) | T2 vs. T0 P value (95% CI) | T1 vs. T0 P value (95% CI) | T2 vs. T0 P value (95% CI) | |||||||
| PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE | ||||||||||
| Gait speed (cm/s) | 79.42 (21.14) | 81.31 (16.81) | 86.49 (23.05) | 85.11 (12.96) | 86.04 (21.67) | 87.44 (13.93) | 0.117 (−1.67; 15.81) | 0.050 (−2.17; 15.41) | 0.515 (−8.51; 16.10) | 0.333 (−6.63; 18.87) |
| BBS (0−56) | 47.17 (5.27) | 46.50 (6.69) | 52.58 (2.64) | 50.70 (5.74) | 53.33 (2.06) | 50.00 (5.46) | 0.007 (1.95; 8.88)* | 0.002 (3.07; 9.25)* | 0.007 (1.38; 7.01)* | 0.018 (0.38; 6.61)* |
| SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES | ||||||||||
| ABC scale (0−100) | 59.68 (11.31) | 61.90 (7.06) | 70.79 (11.04) | 72.14 (10.24) | 69.09 (10.38) | 70.63 (9.72) | 0.010 (2.81; 19.41)* | 0.023 (1.88; 16.94)* | 0.008 (3.94; 14.48)* | 0.012 (3.67; 12.04)* |
| SOT (0−150)—S. surface EO | 118.73 (39.52) | 114.56 (38.66) | 125.76 (34.80) | 143.89 (10.88) | 123.22 (35.09) | 137.61 (24.38) | 0.86 (−2.82; 16.88) | 0.386 (−5.38; 14.37) | 0.015 (0.55; 58.09)* | 0.021 (2.49; 43.59)* |
| EC | 63.37 (28.12) | 52.23 (24.65) | 71.53 (30.50) | 65.82 (20.40) | 73.83 (31.19) | 79.13 (37.07) | 0.136 (−7.20; 23.52) | 0.209 (−10.08; 30.97) | 0.047 (2.01; 25.15) | 0.009 (7.70; 46.09)* |
| Dome | 62.75 (40.07) | 57.89 (31.97) | 77.15 (38.17) | 59.36 (27.36) | 76.77 (36.18) | 65.83 (40.28) | 0.022 (1.27; 27.51)* | 0.059 (0.30; 27.72) | 0.878 (−14.54; 17.47) | 0.241 (−5.58; 21.46) |
| SOT (0−150)—C. surface EO | 96.48 (37.76) | 110.43 (23.27) | 100.92 (38.83) | 116.56 (18.98) | 95.73 (37.12) | 109.46 (36.75) | 0.285 (−7.10; 15.99) | 0.790 (−11.97; 10.46) | 0.260 (−4.13; 16.37) | 0.445 (−24.38; 22.44) |
| EC | 50.59 (32.95) | 39.06 (16.82) | 63.03 (35.75) | 58.86 (18.41) | 56.70 (34.49) | 64.90 (35.38) | 0.272 (−12.55; 37.43) | 0.272 (−15.14; 27.36) | 0.013 (6.82; 32.77)* | 0.028 (5.10; 46.58) |
| Dome | 58.52 (45.85) | 30.96 (15.80) | 63.33 (37.54) | 51.33 (27.06) | 56.23 (37.13) | 48.87 (33.81) | 0.583 (−14.19; 23.81) | 0.695 (−25.61; 21.02) | 0.007 (8.30; 32.43)* | 0.009 (3.24; 32.59)* |
Before, pre-treatment; After, post-treatment; SD, standard deviation; P Value (Z), p value; BBS, berg balance scale (higher score = better performance); ABC scale, activities balance confidence scale (higher score = better performance); SOT, sensory organization balance test; EO, eyes-open condition; EC, eyes-closed condition; S, stable; C, compliant; SA, stabilometric assessment; Length CoP, length of CoP trajectory; FSS, fatigue severity scale (higher score = worse performance); SL, step length; SS, single support time; DS, double support time; MSQOL-54 PHC, multiple sclerosis quality of Life-54 physical health (higher score = better performance); MSQOL-54 MHC, multiple sclerosis quality of Life-54 mental health;
Statistically significant; for post-hoc analysis p value significant if <0.025 for Bonferroni correction for primary outcome measures.