(b)
| Studies | Intervention characteristics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Setting | Recommended frequency and duration | Hours of intervention | Children's targeted behaviors/abilities | |
| Drew et al., 2002 [38] | Social-pragmatic joint attention-focused parent training | Home | 3 h/6 weeks over 1 year | 27 hours | Declarative acts combined with eye contact, nonverbal requests, object-function play, imitation of actions, and turn-taking. |
| Mahoney and Perales, 2003 [36] | Relationship-focused parent training | Clinic or home | 1 h/week over 1 year | 31 hours | Cognition, communication, socioemotional functioning, and motivation |
| Mahoney and Perales, 2005 [37] | Relationship-focused parent training (responsive teaching) | Clinic or home | 1 h/week over 1 year | 32.6 hours | Cognition, communication, socioemotional functioning, and motivation |
| Wetherby and Woods, 2006 [39] | Parent-child playgroup | Clinic | 2x/week for 12 months | Not specified | Individualized social communication goals |
| Naturalistic comprehensive parent training | Home | 1x/week over 9 weeks | Not specified | ||
| Rocha et al., 2007 [40] | Joint attention-focused parent-implemented intervention using natural behavior analytic strategies | Clinic | 3x/week for 75 minutes over 6 weeks | At least 17 hours | Response of joint attention |
| Schertz and Odom, 2007 [41] | Joint attention-focused parent training | Home | 1x/week for 9 to 26 weeks | Mean = 14 hours | Focus on faces, turn-taking, responding to joint attention, and initiating joint attention |
| Vismara et al., 2009 [34] | Comprehensive parent training incorporating behavioral and developmental strategies | Clinic | 1 h/week over 12 weeks | 12 hours | Attention and motivation, sensory social routines, dyadic engagement, nonverbal communication, imitation, joint attention, speech, and behavior |
| Gulsrud et al., 2010 [42] | Joint attention-focused caregiver training incorporating behavioral and developmental strategies | Clinic | 3x/week for 30 minutes over 8 weeks | 12 hours | Initiation and response of joint attention |
| Kasari et al., 2010 [43] | Joint attention-focused caregiver training incorporating behavioral and developmental strategies | Clinic | 3x/week for 30 minutes over 8 weeks | 12 hours | Initiation and response of joint attention |
| Oosterling et al., 2010 [44] | Social-pragmatic joint attention-focused parent training | Clinic Home |
2 plenary sessions 2 h/week over 4 weeks + 3 h/6 weeks over 11 months |
Not specified 32 hours |
Declarative acts combined with eye contact, nonverbal requests, object-function play, imitation of actions, and turn-taking |
| Wong and Kwan, 2010 [45] | Communication-focused intervention with the child | Clinic | 5x/week for 30 minutes for 2 weeks (10 sessions) | 5 hours | Eye contact, gesture, and vocalization/words |
| Communication-focused parent training | |||||
| Carter et al., 2011 [46] | Communication-focused parent group training | Clinic | 1x/week over 8 weeks | Not specified | Two-way interaction, mature and conventional ways of communication |
| Communication-focused parent training | Home | 3x | Not specified | Communication for social purposes, understanding of language | |
| Rogers et al., 2012 [10] | Comprehensive parent training incorporating behavioral and developmental strategies | Clinic | 1x/week for 1 hour over 12 weeks | 12 hours | Attention and motivation, sensory social routines, dyadic engagement, nonverbal communication, imitation, joint attention, speech, and behavior |
| Green et al., 2013 [47] | Developmental video-aided autism-specific parent training | Home | 12 sessions of 1.5 hours over 5 months | 18 hours | Social engagement and reciprocity |
| Steiner et al., 2013 [48] | Behavioral parent training | Clinic | 8 sessions of 1 hour over 3 months | 8 hours | Communication |
| Home | 2 sessions of 1 hour over 3 months | 2 hours | |||