Table 1.

Diagnostic, inclusion, and exclusion criteria for cases and controls*.

Parameters for TB diagnosis
Positive sputum smear and/or culture for AFB
CXR with evidence of cavitations, infiltration, and/or fibrosis
Clinical indicators of TB, chronic persistent: low-grade fever  with night sweats, productive cough, weight loss, and anorexia
Inclusion criteria
Fulfilling two or more diagnostic parameters for pulmonary TB
Patients admitted within the same month of the year
Exclusion criteria
No clear evidence of active pulmonary TB
Exclusively extrapulmonary TB
Cause of death other than TB (for cases)

*TB: tuberculosis; AFB: acid-fast bacilli; CXR: chest X-ray.