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. 2010 Jul 26;3(8):2362–2379. doi: 10.3390/ph3082362

Table 1.

AED mechanisms [9,10].

Na channel CBZ
FBM
LAC
LTG
OXC
PHT
RUF
TPM
VPA
ZNS
Ca channel ESX (low voltage T-type)
GBP (high voltage)
LTG (high voltage N-type)
OXC
PGB (high voltage)
PB
PHT
TPM (high voltage L-type)
VPA (low voltage T-type)
ZNS (high voltage T-type)
GABA enhancers Benzodiazepines
PB
CBZ
GBP
PGB
TGB (GABA uptake inhibitor)
TPM
VIG (GABA transaminase inhibitor)
VPA
Glutamate antagonists CBZ
FBM
OXC
PB
TPM
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors TPM
ZNS
Other CBZ (adenosine receptor binding)
LAC (collapsin responsive mediator protein-2)
LEV (synaptic protein SV2A binding)
PHT (inhibit neurotransmitter release)

Abbreviations: CBZ: carbamazepine; ESX: ethosuximide; FBM: felbamate; GBP: gabapentin; LEV: levetiracetam; LTG: lamotrigine; OXC: oxcarbazepine; PB: Phenobarbital; PHT: phenytoin; RUF: rufinamide; TGB: tiagabine; TPM: topiramate; VIG: vigabatrin; VPA: valproic acid.