Table 3.
TSP-1 ligands and their binding domains in the TSP-1 structure.
| Ligand | Binding domain in TSP-1 | Reference | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| free molecules (body fluids) | AGFs | FGF2 | • type III repeats | [7] |
| VEGF | • type I repeats | [37] | ||
| HGF | • 3D conformation | [11] | ||
| HIV-1 Tat | N.D. | [12] | ||
| TGF-β | • 2nd type I repeats (RFK sequence) | [132,133,134] | ||
| • type I repeats (WSXW sequence) | [133,134] | |||
| PDGF-BB | • 3D conformation | [135] | ||
| proteases and regulators | MMP-2 | • type I repeats | [136] | |
| Plg/plasmin | N.D. | [137,138,139] | ||
| tissue Plg activator | N.D. | [140] | ||
| urokinase Plg activator | N.D. | [141] | ||
| neutrophil elastase | • type III repeats | [142] | ||
| cathepsin G | • type III repeats | [142,143] | ||
| tissue factor inhibitor | N.D. | [144] | ||
| others | heparin | • N-ter domain [motifs Hep I (aa 17-35) & Hep II (aa 78-94)] | [103,145] | |
| • type I repeats | [146,147] | |||
| • signature domain | [148] | |||
| histidine-rich glycoprotein | N.D. | [149] | ||
| factor V | N.D. | [150] | ||
| angiocidin | • 2nd and 3rd type I repeats (CSVTCG sequence) | [151] | ||
| calumenin | • N-ter domain (aa 21- 228) | [152] | ||
| endostatin | N.D. | [153] | ||
| cell surface receptors | CD36 | • type I repeats | [112] | |
| CD47 | • C-ter domain | [118,122,154] | ||
| HSPGs | • N-ter domain [motifs Hep I (aa 17-35) & Hep II (aa 78-94)] | [103,145] | ||
| • signature domain | [148] | |||
| sulfated glycolipids | • N-ter domain | [155] | ||
| • 3D conformation | [155] | |||
| LRP | • N-ter domain | [126,155] | ||
| VLDL receptor | • N-ter domain | [156,157] | ||
| calreticulin | • N-ter domain (aa 17-35) | [126,158] | ||
| integrins | • N-ter domain | [107,129,159,160,161] | ||
| • type I repeats | [128,130,162] | |||
| • type III repeats (RGD sequence) | [118,163] | |||
| ECM | collagen I | N.D. | [164] | |
| collagen V | • procollagen domain + type I & II repeats | [165,166] | ||
| fibronectin | • N-ter domain + type I & II repeats | [167,168] | ||
| laminin | N.D. | [165] | ||
| fibrinogen/fibrin | • N-ter domain | [157] | ||
| • procollagen domain | [146] | |||
| • type I repeats | [169,170] | |||
| von Willebrand factor | • signature domain | [171] | ||
| dermatan sulfate | • N-ter domain (KKTR sequence) | [172] | ||
| chondroitin sulfate | • N-ter domain | [155] | ||
| IGF-binding protein-5 | • N.D. | [173] | ||
N.D., not determined. HSPGs, reported here as cell surface receptors, are also constituents of ECM. Conversely, dermatan- and chondroitin-sulfates, reported as ECM components, also exist as saccharidic chains of cell surface proteoglycans.