Figure 5.

Multiple ion channels contribute to short and long term visceral hyperalgesia. (A) TRPA1 deletion reduces the mechanical hyperalgesia induced by TNBS colitis; (B) Mechanical hyperalgesia evoked by intra-colonic PAR₂-AP administration in (B i) TRPV4^+/+ mice is lost in ii) TRPV4^–/– mice; (C) Administration of a TRPV1 antagonist (JYL1421) after the induction of colitis with TNBS reduces mechanical hyperalgesia; (D) Deletion of Na_V1.8 reduces both (D i) capsaicin and (D ii) mustard oil induced colonic hyperalgesia; (D iii) Na_V1.8^–/– DRG neurons innervating the jejunum do not display the hyper-excitability induced by Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection; (D iv) By contrast, Na_V1.9^–/– neurons still display Nippostrongylus brasiliensis induced hyper-excitability; (E) K_V I_A and I_K currents are reduced in colonic innervating DRG neurons (E i) 10 days post-Citrobacter rodentium infection, whilst (E ii) K_V I_A currents are also reduced 30 days post-infection. (A) modified from Cattaruzza et al. [109], used with permission from The American Physiological Society; (B) modified from Sipe et al. [124] used with permission from The American Physiological Society; (C) modified from Miranda et al. [80] with permission; (D) i-ii) modified from Laird et al. [73] with permission. (D iii-iv) modified from Hillsley et al. [132] with permission; (E) modified from Ibeakanma et al. [133] with permission.