Table 2.

Mechanical moduli of various hydrogels.

Hydrogel	Type (synthetic, natural, or biosynthetic)	Modulus range (kPa)	Reference
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)	Synthetic	2560–7360*	Baker et al. (2012)
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)	Synthetic
Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA)	Synthetic	440 ± 10	Jhaveri et al. (2008)
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)	Synthetic	752 ± 54	Vaquette et al. (2010)
Collagen	Natural	0.5–12	Raub et al. (2010)
Agarose	Natural	1.5–2580**	Letherby and Young (1981), Normand et al. (2000), Aymard et al. (2001), Ahearne et al. (2005)
Alginate	Natural	1–8**	LeRoux et al. (1999)
PVA-heparin	Biosynthetic	60–68**	Nilasaroya et al. (2008)
PEG-Fibrinogen	Biosynthetic	0.01–2**	Almany and Seliktar (2005)

^*Values change depending on confined compression **Values are proportional to the percent polymer composition.