Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Neurol. 2013 Dec;26(6):602–608. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000026

Table 3. Comparison of conventional scales and wireless, wearable sensor-derived tests of mobility-related functioning.

DATA USUAL METHOD mHEALTH SENSORS
Type of physical activity Self-report diary or checklist; observe in lab; video; short distance timed walk or distance walked in 2-6 min. Activity pattern-recognition algorithms; walk, cycle, leg exercises identifiable by sensor data processing
Quantity Frequency/duration Observation; inertial movement/step counts if accelerations high enough Directly measure wave forms of individual components and whole actions
Quality Laboratory motion analysis or pressure mat system Compare each leg during step cycle in context of environs
Location of activity Self report; lab Anywhere; global positioning & ambient context sensing for site identification
Reliability Inter-rater; test-retest Ground truth measurement v. sensor-based algorithm
Validity Content/construct for each scale Face validity; responsiveness
Statistical testing Ordinal scales of physical functioning Interval / ratio scale data
Data entry Computer Smartphone, tablet
Human factors Train examiners in test administration Train participants in a culture of technology
Regulation Local Institutional Review Board and HIPAA Local IRB & HIPAA; possibly Food and Drug Administration