Table 3.
Association of perioperative acute ischemic stroke with adverse perioperative outcomes
| Characteristic | Group; no. (%)* | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients, n = 1340 | PAIS, n = 31 | No PAIS, n = 1309 | ||
| Cardiovascular complications | 155 (11.6) | 16 (51.6) | 139 (10.6) | < 0.001 |
| Acute coronary syndrome | 40 (3) | 5 (16.1) | 35 (2.7) | < 0.001 |
| Acute heart failure | 34 (2.5) | 2 (6.5) | 32 (2.4) | 0.23 |
| Severe arrhythmia | 29 (2.2) | 4 (12.9) | 25 (1.9) | < 0.001 |
| Pulmonary embolism | 18 (1.3) | 2 (6.5) | 16 (1.2) | 0.13 |
| Nonfatal cardiac arrest | 12 (0.9) | 2 (6.5) | 10 (0.8) | 0.003 |
| Arterial thromboembolism | 22 (1.6) | 1 (3.2) | 21 (1.6) | 0.22 |
| Noncardiovascular complications | 391 (29.2) | 21 (67.7) | 370 (28.3) | < 0.001 |
| Wound infection | 85 (6.3) | 7 (22.6) | 78 (6) | < 0.001 |
| Respiratory failure | 15 (1.1) | 2 (6.5) | 13 (1) | 0.030 |
| Lobar pneumonia | 24 (1.8) | 3 (9.7) | 21 (1.6) | 0.021 |
| Bacteremia | 14 (1) | 2 (6.5) | 12 (0.9) | 0.024 |
| Minor bleeding | 124 (9.2) | 4 (12.9) | 120 (9.2) | 0.20 |
| Major bleeding | 38 (2.8) | 1 (3.2) | 37 (2.8) | 0.60 |
| Acute kidney injury | 91 (6.8) | 2 (6.5) | 89 (6.8) | 0.72 |
| Length of stay, mean ± SD d | 8.3 ± 8.1 | 11.4 ± 9.5 | 8.4 ± 7.7 | < 0.001 |
| Mortality | 18 (1.4) | 6 (19.3) | 13 (1) | < 0.001 |
PAIS = perioperative acute ischemic stroke; SD = standard deviation.
*
Unless otherwise indicated.