Table 1.
Comparison of characteristics, blood samples and echocardiographic findings
| Metabolic syndrome group (n = 75) | Control group (n = 75) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years |
59.6 ± 14.0 |
57.0 ± 15.2 |
NS |
| Gender, male/female, numbers (%) |
28/47 (37.3/62.7) |
32/43 (42.7/57.3) |
NS |
| Hypertension, numbers (%) |
22 (29.3) |
14 (18.7) |
NS |
| Height, cm |
165.3 ± 8.5 |
164.9 ± 6.8 |
NS |
| Weight, kg |
79.2 ± 10.3 |
73.5 ± 11.1 |
0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 |
29.0 ± 3.6 |
27.1 ± 3.8 |
<0.001 |
| Waist circumference, cm |
93.8 ± 7.9 |
89.0 ± 9.6 |
<0.001 |
| Central obesity criterion, numbers (%) |
75 (100) |
50 (66.7) |
<0.001 |
| Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dL |
101.5 ± 12.1 |
99.5 ± 11.1 |
NS |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL |
191.4 ± 47.0 |
184.1 ± 43.5 |
NS |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL |
40.4 ± 8.1 |
48.2 ± 11.1 |
<0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL |
116.5 ± 41.1 |
112.2 ± 38.1 |
NS |
| Trygliceride, mg/dL |
172.4 ± 63.2 |
119.0 ± 53.0 |
<0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg |
128.5 ± 8.7 |
124.0 ± 10.7 |
0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg |
80.9 ± 8.5 |
78.5 ± 7.1 |
0.021 |
| Smokers, numbers (%) |
18 (24) |
23 (30.7) |
NS |
| EAT thickness, mm |
5.8 ± 1.9 |
4.3 ± 1.6 |
<0.001 |
| Plasma homocysteine level, μmol/L |
21.6 ± 6.1 |
15.1 ± 5.8 |
<0.001 |
| Ventricular septum thickness, mm |
11.5 ± 1.9 |
11.3 ± 1.6 |
NS |
| Posterior wall thickness, mm |
10.6 ± 1.7 |
10.6 ± 1.5 |
NS |
| Left ventricular mass, g |
185.4 ± 58.0 |
174.5 ± 46.9 |
NS |
| Left atrial diameter, mm | 35.4 ± 5.2 | 35.3 ± 4.4 | NS |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or numbers (percentages). EAT = epicardial adipose tissue, NS = not significant.