TABLE 2—
Observed Death Rate |
Trend 1 |
Trend 2 |
||||
Category and Classification | 1990 | 2009 | Year | APC (95% CI) | Year | APC (95% CI) |
Overall | ||||||
Crude | 50.1 | 63.4 | 1990–1997 | 6.5* (3.0, 10.1) | 1997–2009 | −0.3 (−1.3, 0.7) |
Age adjusted | 87.9 | 89.6 | 1990–1997 | 5.2* (1.5, 9.1) | 1997–2009 | −1.4* (−2.5, −0.2) |
Age group, y | ||||||
20–44 | 3.7 | 9.2 | 1990–2009 | 4.8* (1.4, 8.2) | ||
45–54 | 39.2 | 38.5 | 1990–2009 | −0.4 (−1.6, 0.8) | ||
55–64 | 139.9 | 92.9 | 1990–2004 | −0.3 (−1.8, 1.2) | 2004–2009 | −7.2* (−12.5, −1.7) |
65–74 | 244.1 | 224.8 | 1990–1997 | 7.9* (2.8, 13.3) | 1997–2009 | −3.7* (−5.2, −2.1) |
≥ 75 | 427.8 | 512.3 | 1990–1999 | 4.3* (1.5, 7.3) | 1999–2009 | −0.6 (−2.3, 1.1) |
Sex | ||||||
Male | 79.1 | 100.7 | 1990–1997 | 7.1* (2.6, 11.9) | 1997–2009 | −0.2 (−1.5, 1.1) |
Female | 93.6 | 80.2 | 1990–1996 | 5.2* (0.4, 10.2) | 1996–2009 | −2.1* (−3.1, −1.0) |
Region | ||||||
Northern Plains | 131.2 | 118.6 | 1990–2009 | 0.1 (−1.4, 1.5) | ||
Alaskaa | . . . | 36.5 | 1990–2009 | −0.7 (−3.5, 2.1) | ||
Southern Plainsa | . . . | 101.7 | 1997–2009 | −0.2 (−1.9, 1.4) | ||
Southwest | 102.9 | 109.0 | 1990–1997 | 3.3* (0.1, 6.6) | 1997–2009 | −1.8* (−2.9, −0.6) |
Pacific Coast | 65.9 | 65.6 | 1990–2005 | 3.3* (1.1, 5.6) | 2005–2009 | −8.1 (−19.1, 4.5) |
East | 59.2 | 68.3 | 1990–1994 | 27.2* (0.4, 61.0) | 1994–2009 | −3.2* (−5.4, −1.0) |
Note. APC = annual percentage change; CI = confidence interval. Analyses are limited to people of non-Hispanic origin aged 20 years and older. American Indian/Alaska Native race is reported from death certificates or through linkage with the IHS patient registration database. Rates are per 100 000 people and were age adjusted to the 2000 US standard population (19 age groups; Census P25-113026). Trends are given as APC between joinpoints. Indian Health Service regions are defined as follows: Alaskab; Northern Plains (IL, IN,b IA,b MI,b MN,b MT,b NE,b ND,b SD,b WI,b WYb); Southern Plains (OK,b KS,b TXb); Southwest (AZ,b CO,b NV,b NM,b UTb); Pacific Coast (CA,b ID,b OR,b WA,b HI); East (AL,b AR, CT,b DE, FL,b GA, KY, LA,b ME,b MD, MA,b MS,b MO, NH, NJ, NY,b NC,b OH, PA,b RI,b SC,b TN, VT, VA, WV, DC).
Source. AI/AN Mortality Database (1990–2009). Data are based on linked Indian Health Service–National Vital Statistics System mortality files. The following states and years of data were excluded because Hispanic origin was not collected on the death certificate: LA, 1990; NH, 1990–1992; and OK, 1990–1996.
Alaska had < 10 deaths in 1990, so the rate was suppressed because it was unstable. The Southern Plains region did not have reliable data before 1997; thus, the trend was plotted from 1997 onward.
Identifies states with ≥ 1 county designated as Contract Health Service Delivery Area.
*P < .05.