Table 5.

Multivariate logistic regression analyses for smoking-related factors among study participants.

Category	Males			Females			All students
	Multivariate analysis			Multivariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	OR	95% CI	P value	OR	95% CI	P value	OR	95% CI	P-Value
College type
Health-related (ref.)	1			1			1
Arts and humanities	0.78	0.55–1.11	0.172	1.57	0.81–3.04	0.18	0.97	0.71–1.3	0.847
Other scientific	0.76	0.70–1.30	0.764	3.60	1.32–9.79	0.01	1.14	0.86–1.53	0.354
Age group
Less than 20 years (ref.)	1			1			1
20-21 years	1.25	0.87–1.71	0.227	0.46	0.15–1.45	0.185	1.10	0.80–1.55	0.546
22-23 years	1.11	0.75–1.66	0.579	0.27	0.08–0.86	0.025	0.92	0.65–1.33	0.690
24 years or older	0.92	0.50–1.70	0.799	0.46	0.09–2.21	0.335	0.86	0.50–1.50	0.597
Student uses khat
No (ref.)	1						1
Yes	12.44	9.47–16.34	0.000	35.90	12.6–90.8	0.000	14.05	10.8–18.15	0.000
Friends smoke
No (ref.)	1
Yes	1.76	1.24–2.49	0.002	3.90	1.87–8.12	0.000	2.25	1.63–3.09	0.000
Friends use khat
No (ref.)	1
Yes	0.83	0.54–1.26	0.383	2.93	1.37–6.27	0.006	1.40	0.98–2.00	0.063
Family member smokes
No (ref.)	1
Yes	1.36	1.042–1.77	0.023	1.18	0.63–2.22	0.598	1.27	1.0–1.61	0.054
Substance use by friends
No (ref.)	1
Yes	1.77	1.24–2.55	0.002	1.49	0.47–4.75	0.499	1.81	1.27–2.56	0.001