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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 May 28.
Published in final edited form as: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010 Apr 5;67(6):557–565. doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.41

Table 2. Predictors of Increased Depressive Symptoms.

Baseline Factors
Factor Beta SEM P value
Neuroticism 0.24 0.021 <0.001
Personal History of Depression 0.17 0.024 <0.001
Baseline Depressive Symptoms -0.38 0.064 <0.001
Female Sex 0.08 0.311 0.031
US Medical Graduate 0.10 0.412 0.005
Difficult Early Family Environment 0.08 0.016 0.035
Within-Internship Factors
Factor Wald Chi Square (df) P value
Mean Work Hours 2.8 × 10-11 (99) <0.001
Medical Errors 16.2 (1) <0.001
Stressful Life Events 71.6 (1) <0.001