Table 2.
Proportion of variance explained by genetic factors for a number of selected quantitative traits
| Trait | h2 pedigree design | h2 GWAS hits | h2 population design |
|---|---|---|---|
| Height | 0.80 (65) | 0.10 (41; 90) | 0.45 (87; 91) |
| Body mass index | 0.45 - 0.80 (62) | 0.02 (68) | 0.17 (91) |
| von Willebrand factor | 0.66 - 0.75 (10; 53) | 0.13 (66) | 0.25 (91) |
| Bone mineral density | 0.61 (2) | 0.06 (16) | 0.16 (89) |
| General intelligence | |||
| -Children (~12 years) | 0.40 - 0.60 (4; 30) | 0 (5) | 0.22 - 0.64 (5) |
| -Adults | 0.80 (30; 56) | 0 (7) | 0.40 - 0.50 (9) |
| Red blood cell phenotypes | |||
| -Haemoglobin concentration | 0.84 (17) | 0.02 (72) | |
| -Sodium | 0.50 (84) | 0.02 (89) | 0.16 (89) |
| Personality | |||
| -Neuroticism | 0.13 - 0.58 (36) | 0 (11) | 0.06 (74) |
| -Extraversion | 0.34 - 0.57 (36) | 0 (11) | 0.12 (74) |
Table notes: heritability in the pedigree design is estimated by comparing expected and observed MZ and DZ twin pair resemblance; heritability from GWAS hits represents the total variation explained by all the SNPs that individually reached genome-wide significance in GWAS; heritability in the population design is estimated from the SNP-derived genetic similarity between pairs of not knowingly related individuals.