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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2014 Mar 18;72:168–176. doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.03.006

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Proteasome activity and autophagy markers are increased in the transplanted (unloaded) heart. (A–D) Native and transplanted (unloaded) hearts from the WT and MAFbx/Atrogin-1−/− male mice described in Figure 1. (A) Proteasome (chymotryptic) activity and (B) polyubiquitinated proteins in native and transplanted (unloaded) WT and MAFbx/Atrogin-1−/− hearts. (C) mRNA expression of Becn1, Atg5, and Atg4, and (D) LC3-I and LC3-II protein levels in native and transplanted (unloaded) hearts. (E) Immunocytochemistry was performed on cardiomyocytes isolated from male WT and MAFbx/Atrogin-1−/− hearts (mice ages 8–10 weeks old) treated with Bafilomycin A. Arrowheads indicate examples of LC3-II puncta, representing autophagic vacuoles. Scale bar: 25μm. Quantification of LC3-II puncta is shown in the graph. Data are mean ± SEM. n = 8–10 per group (A–D) and n = 150–200 cells per condition (E). *P < 0.01 versus respective native or vehicle. N = native, T = transplanted (unloaded).