Table 1.
Subject Characteristics
| Population Characteristics | All (n=33) | Lean (n=7) |
Overweight (n=16) |
Obese (n=10) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yrs) | 11.6 (2.2) | 10.8 (2.2) | 11.6 (2.1) | 12.4 (2.5) |
| Gender (M:F) | 20/13 | 4/3 | 11/5 | 5/5 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.1 (5.1) | 21.8 (2.2) | 27 (1.1) | 34.2 (3.8) |
| BMI z-score | 2.3 (.76) | 1.8 (.42) | 2.6 (.99) | 2.4 (.28) |
| WC (cm) | 89.3 (8.5) | 83.3 (11.8) | 89.9 (7.8) | 92.6 (4.8) |
| Biochemical Measures | ||||
| Fasting Plasma Glucose (mg/dL) | 80.2 (13) | 80.7 (7.6) | 80 (16.8) | 80.3 (9.7) |
| Fasting Plasma Insulin (µU/L) | 16.7 (11.2) | 13.3 (9.6) | 14.54 (7) | 22.8 (15.4) |
| Matsuda Index | 3.9 (3.1) | 3.8 (2.1) | 3.9 (3.2) | 4 (3.8) |
| HOMA-IR | 3.3 (2.3) | 2.7 (1.9) | 2.8 (1.4) | 4.6 (3.3) |
| Insulinogenic Index (IGI) | 2.9 (6.4) | 2.1 (1.4) | 4.2 (9) | 4.6 (3.2) |
| Disposition Index (IGI*ISI) | 9 (16.5) | 6.8 (5.6) | 12.9 (23.4) | 4.6 (3.6) |
| AST (IU/L) | 29.2 (8.8) | 30.3 (6.3) | 29.9 (8.6) | 27.1 (10.9) |
| ALT (IU/L) | 34.4 (15.6) | 45.2 (20.9) | 33.1 (14.2) | 28.6 (10.3) |
| GGT (ng/dL) | 20.6 (9.2) | 19.9 (7.6) | 19.9 (11.2) | 22.4 (7.4) |
| Adiponectin (ng/dL) | 21.9 (2.3) | 21.9 (2.7) | 22 (1.9) | 21.7 (2.8) |
| CRP (ng/dL) | 1.6 (.4) | 1.9 (.4) | 1.5 (.4) | 1.7 (.4) |
| IL-6 (ng/dL) | 9.5 (4.5) | 9.1 (2.2) | 8.6 (4.7) | 11.1 (5.2) |
| TNF-a (ng/dL) | 6.5 (1.9) | 6.7 (1.4) | 6.4 (2) | 6.5 (2.1) |
Values are presented as means with standard deviation. BMI=body mass index, WC=waist circumference, ALT=alanine transferase, AST=aspartate transferase, GGT=gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase, HOMA-IR=homeostatic model of insulin resistance, CRP=c-reactive protein, TNF α=tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-6=interleukin six