Table 4.
Selected Genes Up-regulated in Human Relative to Bonobo Cells
| H/P
|
H/G
|
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LL | Genea | Hsa | Ppa | Ggo | LB | UB | LB | UB | Function |
| 9123 | SLC16A3f,g | 2291 | 113 | 146 | 15.3 | 26.3 | 11.4 | 22.2 | Monocarboxylate transporter |
| 10558 | SPTLC1b,f | 1617 | 102 | 438 | 14.1 | 17.7 | 3.1 | 4.4 | Ceramide synthesis |
| 11217 | AKAP2b,f | 3119 | 162 | 168 | 14.1 | 27.5 | 14.1 | 24.6 | Signal transduction |
| 6387 | SDF1c | 3192 | 158 | 234 | 12.6 | 30.1 | 8.3 | 21.7 | Signal transduction |
| 2632 | GBE1f,g | 3722 | 271 | 1347 | 10.8 | 18.0 | 2.2 | 3.7 | Glycogen synthesis |
| 3916 | LAMP1b,f | 10435 | 1018 | 8376 | 9.0 | 11.7 | 1.0 | 1.6 | Membrane glycoprotein |
| 7045 | TGFB1c | 12159 | 1038 | 1862 | 7.7 | 20.9 | 4.7 | 9.2 | Integrin ligand |
| 4314 | MMP3g | 6451 | 451 | 2333 | 6.5 | 50.2 | 1.1 | N.D. | Proteoglycanase |
| 5507 | PPP1R3Cg | 1219 | 169 | 515 | 6.3 | 12.0 | 2.1 | 4.0 | Protein phosphotase |
| 8614 | STC2g | 1844 | 222 | 153 | 5.7 | 12.3 | 8.6 | 16.5 | Calcium homeostasis |
| 4276 | MICAe | 713 | 111 | 153 | 5.2 | 7.9 | 3.7 | 6.0 | Immune system |
| 5264 | PHYHc,f | 591 | 100 | 104 | 4.8 | 7.1 | 4.6 | 6.9 | Phytanic acid metabolism |
| 8878 | SQSTM1f,h | 2896 | 517 | 745 | 4.5 | 7.1 | 2.8 | 6.0 | Ubiquitin-binding protein |
| 10616 | XAP4f,g | 589 | 115 | 108 | 4.1 | 6.6 | 4.7 | 6.4 | Unknown |
| 1305 | COL13A1 | 809 | 142 | 107 | 4.0 | 8.7 | 6.1 | 9.1 | Structural |
| 51031 | CGI-150d,g | 448 | 100 | 406 | 4.0 | 5.1 | -1.1 | 1.3 | Unknown |
| 9037 | SEMA5Ag | 1941 | 312 | 788 | 4.0 | 11.3 | 1.4 | 6.1 | Cell adhesion |
| 10921 | RNPS1h | 2479 | 492 | 1703 | 3.9 | 6.6 | 1.1 | 2.0 | RNA processing |
| 4638 | MYLKc,d | 1416 | 182 | 343 | 3.7 | 19.8 | 2.2 | 6.7 | Myosin light-chain kinase |
| 1611 | DAPh | 3084 | 727 | 3618 | 3.7 | 4.9 | 1.1 | -1.5 | Mediates apoptosis |
| 25800 | LIV-1f,h | 563 | 129 | 405 | 3.4 | 5.7 | 1.2 | 1.7 | Zinc transport |
| 9575 | CLOCKg | 659 | 157 | 591 | 3.4 | 5.2 | -1.1 | 1.4 | Transcription factor |
| 11072 | DUSP14e,h | 2145 | 515 | 489 | 3.3 | 5.3 | 3.5 | 5.4 | Dual-specific phosphatase |
| 9551 | ATP5J2f,h | 3861 | 1005 | 1123 | 3.3 | 4.5 | 3.0 | 3.9 | Proton transport |
| 220 | ALDH1A3g | 544 | 108 | 138 | 3.1 | 7.1 | 2.4 | 5.7 | Aldehyde detoxification |
| 7001 | PRDX2e,h | 1718 | 420 | 745 | 3.1 | 5.9 | 1.7 | 3.6 | Peroxide reductase |
| 2802 | GOLGA3h | 1233 | 350 | 353 | 3.0 | 4.2 | 3.1 | 3.9 | Golgi membrane |
| 3133 | HLA-Ef,g | 876 | 191 | 293 | 3.0 | 7.8 | 2.0 | 4.9 | Immune system |
| 1832 | DSPe,h | 1011 | 201 | 100 | 3.0 | 7.6 | 6.3 | 14.1 | Intercellular junctions |
| 5439 | POLR2Jf,g | 724 | 198 | 193 | 3.0 | 4.8 | 3.0 | 4.9 | RNA polymerase II subunit |
a
Genes show lower bound of 95% confidence interval of greater than or equal to 3.0-fold change
b
Disagrees with Northern blot analysis
c
Confirmed by Northern blot analysis
d
Greater than or equal to 2.0-fold up-regulated in human brain relative to chimpanzee brain
e
Greater than or equal to 2.0-fold up-regulated in human liver relative to chimpanzee liver
f
Greater than or equal to 2.0-fold up-regulated in human liver and brain relative to chimpanzee liver and brain
g
Gene still overexpressed greater than or equal to 2.0-fold when bonobo sequence is considered
h
Gene is not overexpressed by greater than or equal to 2.0-fold when bonobo sequence is considered