Table 1. Randomized controlled trials on definitive non-surgical therapy for esophageal cancer.
| Reference | Study interval | Histology | N | Schema | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cooper, et al. (RTOG 85-01) (2) | 1986-1990 | SCCA/ACA | 129 | CRT vs. RT | 26% vs. 0% 5-yr OS |
| Minsky, et al. (RTOG 94-05) (3) | 1995-1999 | SCCA/ACA | 236 | CRT with Higher dose RT vs. Standard | 56% vs. 52% persistence of disease |
| Bedenne et al. (4) | 1993-2000 | SCCA/ACA | 259 | CRT vs. CRT + S | 17.7% vs. 19.3% MS |
| Stahl et al. (5) | 1994-2002 | SCCA | 172 | CCRT vs. CCRT + S | 24% vs. 31% 3-yr OS (P=0.02) surgery improves DFS |
SCCA, squamous cell carcinoma; ACA, adenocarcinoma; CRT, chemoradiotherapy; OS, overall survival; CCRT, chemo + chemoradiation; DFS, disease free survival; S, surgery; RT, radiation therapy; QOL, quality of life.