Table 2.
Associations between congenital malformation and testicular germ cell tumors, Swedish Cancer Registry, 1964–2008.*
| Cases n (%) |
Controls n (%) |
OR† | (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cryptorchidism | 113 (1.71) | 181(0.55) | 3.18 | (2.50–4.04) |
| Hypospadias/Epispadias | 14 (0.21) | 29 (0.09) | 2.41 | (1.27–4.57) |
| Inguinal hernia | 118 (1.79) | 434 (1.32) | 1.37 | (1.11–1.68) |
| CNS | 6 (0.09) | 28 (0.08) | 1.07 | (0.44–2.59) |
| Cleft lip | 6 (0.09) | 30 (0.09) | 1.00 | (0.42–2.40) |
| Digestive tract | 6 (0.09) | 28 (0.08) | 1.07 | (0.44–2.60) |
| Circulatory | 13 (0.20) | 44 (0.13) | 1.48 | (0.80–2.76) |
| Musculo-skeletal | 18 (0.27) | 105 (0.32) | 0.86 | (0.52–1.41) |
| Ear | 18 (0.27) | 78 (0.24) | 1.15 | (0.69–1.93) |
| Eye | 4 (0.06) | 14 (0.04) | 1.43 | (0.47–4.34) |
| Urinary system | 11(0.17) | 45 (0.14) | 1.22 | (0.63–2.36) |
| Other genital‡ | 14 (0.21) | 32 (0.10) | 2.19 | (1.17–4.10) |
| Other (non-genital) | 14 (0.21) | 64 (0.19) | 1.09 | (0.61–1.95) |
| All malformations‡ | 104 (1.58) | 451(1.37) | 1.16 | (0.93–1.44) |
*
CNS = central nervous system; OR = odds ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval
†
OR calculated from conditional logistic regression analysis, cases and controls were matched on year of birth and county of birth
‡
Categories exclude cryptorchidism, hypospadias/epispadias and inguinal hernia