Table 4.

Associations between congenital malformation and testicular germ cell tumors stratified by median age at diagnosis among controls.^*

	< median age at diagnosis				≥ median age at diagnosis
	Cases	Controls	OR†	95% CI	Cases	Controls	OR†	95% CI	p-het
Cryptorchidism (age 13)	80	147	2.76	2.09–3.65	33	34	4.96	3.06–8.04	0.04
Hypospadias/Epispadias (age 6)	11	17	3.23	1.51–6.91	3	12	1.25	0.35–4.43	0.21
Inguinal hernia (age 24)	65	217	1.51	1.14–2.01	53	217	1.23	0.91–1.66	0.33
CNS (age 12)	1	13	0.38	0.05–2.94	5	15	1.67	0.61–4.59	0.21
Cleft lip (age 6)	4	14	1.43	0.47–4.34	2	16	0.62	0.14–2.72	0.38
Digestive tract (age 0.3)	2	16	0.62	0.14–2.72	4	12	1.69	0.53–5.36	0.30
Circulatory (age 11)	4	23	0.87	0.30–2.51	9	21	2.17	0.99–4.78	0.17
Musculo-skeletal (age 12)	5	52	0.48	0.19–1.20	13	53	1.23	0.67–2.25	0.09
Ear (age 14)	10	41	1.22	0.61–2.45	8	37	1.08	0.50–2.32	0.82
Eye (age 12)	2	6	1.67	0.34–8.26	2	8	1.25	0.26–5.89	0.80
Urinary system (age 11)	4	23	0.87	0.30–2.51	7	22	1.59	0.68–3.72	0.38
Other genital‡ (age 10)	8	15	2.67	1.13–6.29	6	17	1.76	0.70–4.48	0.52
Other (non-genital; age 20)	11	33	1.68	0.84–3.33	3	31	0.48	0.15–1.58	0.08
All malformations‡ (age 12)	47	224	1.05	0.77–1.45	57	227	1.26	0.94–1.69	0.42

^*CNS = central nervous system; OR = odds ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval, p-het = p-value for heterogeneity

^†OR calculated from conditional logistic regression analysis, cases and controls were matched on year of birth and county of birth

^‡Categories exclude cryptorchidism, hypospadias/epispadias and inguinal hernia