Figure 1.

Vaccination affects Bordetella bronchiseptica shedding but not colonization. A, Groups of 4 whole-cell (♦) or sham-vaccinated (▪) mice were challenged, and shedding was detected by swabbing the external nares for 15 seconds throughout the infectious course. B, Nasal cavity colonization was quantified on days 3, 7, and 21 after challenge. Symbols represent the mean colony-forming units (CFUs) + 1 (± standard error of the mean). *P ≤ .05.