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. 2014 Jan 16;209(12):1929–1940. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiu031

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

Relative fold-changes of cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) expression by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. After 24-hour incubation with rSm-p80, RNA was extracted from stimulated pooled peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), lymph node cells, and splenocytes. The relative ratio of cytokine mRNA expression was compared between control group and experimental group after 24-hour stimulation by rSm-p80. Analysis for different vaccination strategies are as follows: rSm-p80 plus glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (A), prime boost with Sm-p80-VR1020 and rSm-p80 in alum (B), and prime boost using Sm-p80-VR1020 and rSm-p80 with CpG ODNs (C). The relative cytokine mRNA expression was calculated after standardization using glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, through DataAssist, version 3.0. Abbreviations: IL-1α, interleukin 1α; IL-1β, interleukin 1β; IL-2, interleukin 2; IL-4, interleukin 4; IL-5, interleukin 5; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-8, interleukin 8; IL-10, interleukin 10; IL-12α, interleukin 12α; IL-12β, interleukin 12β; IL-13, interleukin 13; IL-17, interleukin 17; IL-18, interleukin 18; IL-21, interleukin 21; IL-22, interleukin 22; IL-23, interleukin 23; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α; IFN-γ, interferon γ; TGF-β1, transforming growth factor β1; TGF-β2, transforming growth factor β2.