Table 2.
Energy and nutrients intake at 0 and 3 measurement points M ± SD
| Energy and nutrients | 0 | 3 | p – value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Energy (kcal) |
2354 ± 539 |
2588 ± 557 |
0.041 |
| Fat (g) |
92.2 ± 27.5 |
84.2 ± 20.4 |
NS |
| Protein (g) |
75.6 ± 14.8 |
85.5 ± 15.6 |
0.004 |
| Carbohydrate (g) |
305.4 ± 78.0 |
372.2 ± 86.3 |
< 0.001 |
| Dietary fiber (g) |
20.1 ± 5.4 |
21.8 ± 5.4 |
NS |
| Calcium (mg) |
816.3 ± 232.9 |
963.3 ± 247.5 |
0.021 |
| Phosphors (mg) |
1442.0 ± 333.9 |
1435.1 ± 327.4 |
NS |
| Iron (mg) |
11.1 ± 3.3 |
12.8 ± 3.2 |
NS |
| Zink (μg) |
10.1 ± 3.0 |
11.0 ± 2.8 |
NS |
| Magnesium (mg) |
275.0 ± 87.5 |
331.0 ± 80.7 |
0.003 |
| Vitamin A (μg) |
645.0 ± 234.8 |
1095.9 ± 655.1 |
< 0.001 |
| Vitamin D (μg) |
2.34 ± 1.42 |
3.01 ± 1.04 |
0.040 |
| Vitamin E (mg) |
9.9 ± 4.2 |
9.2 ± 3.4 |
NS |
| Vitamin B1 (mg) |
1.20 ± 0.56 |
1.28 ± 0.26 |
NS |
| Vitamin B2 (mg) |
1.80 ± 0.50 |
1.72 ± 0.46 |
NS |
| Niacin (mg) |
12.5 ± 4.1 |
14.3 ± 3.3 |
NS |
| Vitamin B6 (mg) |
1.80 ± 0.73 |
2.35 ± 0.94 |
NS |
| Foliate (μg) |
202.7 ± 62.4 |
251.9 ± 64.4 |
0.014 |
| Vitamin B12 (μg) |
2.78 ± 1.47 |
3.67 ± 1.61 |
NS |
| Vitamin C (mg) |
57.3 ± 24.4 |
111.2 ± 87.1 |
0.002 |
| TEE (kcal/d) |
2642 ± 348 |
2638 ± 421 |
NS |
| EB (kcal/d) |
−288 ± 477 |
−51 ± 224 |
0.002 |
| EEE (kcal/d) |
959 ± 174 |
905 ± 337 |
NS |
| EA (kcal/kg FFM/d) | 28.3 ± 9.2 | 35.8 ± 12.3 | 0.011 |
*Before dietary intervention (0) vs. after three months of dietary intervention (3).