Table 1. Proportions with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) pertaining to the characteristics of 252 schoolchildren aged 1 to 12 years from urban areas of Fernandópolis, in the northwest of São Paulo State, Brazil.
| Absolute frequency | % (95% IC †) | DEFF ˇ | Population (%)‡ | p-value ‡‡ | |
| Socio-demographic characteristics | |||||
| Gender | |||||
| Female | 132 | 52.4 (46–57.9) | 1.0 | 50.7 | 0.821 |
| Male | 120 | 47.6 (42.1–54) | 1.0 | 49.3 | 0.179 |
| ≥9 | |||||
| 6 |- 9 | 47 | 18.7 (13.9–23.0) | 1.6 | 21.9 | 0.771 |
| 4 |- 6 | 69 | 27.4 (22.2–32.5) | 1.9 | 25.9 | 0.178 |
| < 4 | 88 | 34.9 (29.4–41.3) | 1.5 | 31.3 | 0.223 |
| Overall | 48 | 19.0 (13.9–23.8) | 1.7 | 20.9 | 0.867 |
| Income (head of household) | |||||
| ≥5 | 67 | 26.6 (21.4–32.1) | 1.6 | 25.4 | 0.708 |
| 4 |- 5 | 37 | 14.7 (10.3–19.4) | 1.7 | 9.9 | 0.802 |
| 3 |- 4 | 15 | 6.0 (3.6–9.1) | 1.5 | 7.4 | 0.810 |
| 2 |- 3 | 13 | 5.2 (2.4–7.9) | 1.1 | 13.9 | 0.445 |
| 1 |- 2 | 70 | 27.8 (22.6–33.3) | 1.1 | 20.2 | 0.103 |
| <1 | 50 | 19.8 (15.1–25.0) | 0.8 | 23.2 | 0.353 |
| Type of School | |||||
| Private | 103 | 40.9 (34.9–46.8) | 1.9 | 35.5 | 0.094 |
| Public and philanthropic | 149 | 59.1 (53.2–65.1) | 1.9 | 64.5 | 0.081 |
| SUS users only†† | |||||
| Yes | 99 | 39.3 (32.9–45.6) | 1.8 | - | - |
| No | 153 | 60.7 (54.4–67.1) | 1.8 | - | - |
| Behaviors that increase soil ingestion | |||||
| Geophagy £ | |||||
| Yes | 85 | 33.7 (28.2–40.1) | 0.9 | - | - |
| No | 167 | 66.3 (59.9–71.8) | 0.9 | - | - |
| Onychophagy £ | |||||
| Yes | 96 | 38.1 (32.1–43.7) | 1.8 | - | - |
| No | 156 | 61.9 (56.3–67.9) | 1.8 | - | - |
| Hand washing habitµ | |||||
| Yes | 193 | 76.6 (71.4–81.3) | 0.9 | - | - |
| No | 59 | 23.4 (18.7–28.6) | 0.9 | - | - |
| Clinical laboratory characteristics | |||||
| ELISA anti-Toxocara spp. antibodies | |||||
| Positive | 39 | 15.5 (11.5–19.8) | 1.0 | - | - |
| Negative | 213 | 84.5 (80.2–88.5) | 1.0 | - | - |
| Relative eosinophilia | |||||
| Yes | 53 | 21.0 (15.9–26.2) | 1.4 | - | - |
| No | 199 | 79.0 (73.8–84.1) | 1.4 | - | - |
| Physician diagnosis ¥ | |||||
| Yes | 20 | 7.9 (4.8–11.5) | 1.6 | - | - |
| No | 232 | 92.1 (88.5–95.2) | 1.6 | - | - |
ˇ
Design effect considering income strata.
†
The % refers to the distribution in the studied sample. The confidence interval (95% CI) was estimated based on 1,000 bootstrap samples.
††
Refers to the families who have no health insurance at their disposal and are solely and exclusively dependent on the Brazilian Unified Health System.
£
Note these habits at least 1 time in the past month.
µ
Note the habit of hand washing before meals (at least 3 times a day).
¥
Based on clinical presentation (signs and symptoms) and laboratory results (serology and eosinophilia).
‡
Relative frequency in the Fernandópolis population.
‡‡
Proportion Z-test comparing sample vs. population.
-There are no population data available.