Table 3.
Effect of the randomised interventions at six month follow up, assessed by analysis of covariance*
|
Booklet (n=152)
|
Low sodium salt (n=138)
|
Prompts (n=145)
|
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome | Mean (95% CI) | P value | Mean (95% CI) | P value | Mean (95% CI) | P value | |||
| Blood pressure (mm Hg)*: | |||||||||
| Systolic (n=244) | 5.76 | (−6.8 to 18.3) | 0.37 | 1.42 | (−11.2 to 14.0) | 0.82 | 1.62 | (−11.1 to 14.3) | 0.80 |
| Diastolic (n=244) | 1.4 | (−2.3 to 5.2) | 0.45 | 1.6 | (−2.1 to 5.3) | 0.41 | 0.51 | (−3.2 to 4.2) | 0.79 |
| Home measurement, systolic (n=191) | −1.34 | (−6.32 to 3.65) | 0.60 | 1.82 | (−3.18 to 6.82) | 0.47 | −2.75 | (−7.72 to 2.21) | 0.28 |
| Home measurement, diastolic (n=191) | 0.10 | (−1.56 to 3.56) | 0.44 | 1.47 | (−1.10 to 4.04) | 0.26 | 0.44 | (−2.10 to 2.99) | 0.73 |
| Carotenoid concentration (mmol/l) (n=205) | 36 | (−96 to 167) | 0.59 | −52 | (−183 to 79) | 0.44 | 87 | (−43 to 218) | 0.19 |
| Na:K ratio (n=223) | 0.01 | (−0.27 to 0.29) | 0.95 | −0.10 | (−0.39 to 0.18) | 0.46 | 0.21 | (−0.07 to 0.50) | 0.14 |
| Weight (kg) (n=240) | 0.37 | (−0.71 to 1.44) | 0.50 | 0.70 | (−0.38 to 1.78) | 0.20 | −1.17 | (−2.25 to −0.1) | 0.03 |
| Cholesterol:HDL ratio (n=221) | 0.05 | (−0.13 to 0.24) | 0.55 | 0 | (−0.18 to 0.18) | 0.98 | −0.11 | (−0.29 to 0.07) | 0.23 |
| Low density lipoprotein (mmol/l) (n=175) | −0.13 | (−0.29 to 0.03) | 0.10 | 0.09 | (−0.06 to 0.24) | 0.23 | −0.07 | (−0.23 to 0.08) | 0.35 |
| Food frequency questionnaire: | |||||||||
| Total fat (g/day) (n=219) | −2.2 | (−11.6 to 7.2) | 0.65 | −1.7 | (−11.1 to 7.7) | 0.72 | −4.2 | (−13.6 to 5.2) | 0.38 |
| % energy from fat (n=202) | 0 | (−1.9 to 1.9) | 0.98 | 0 | (1.9 to 1.9) | 0.96 | −1.0 | (−2.9 to 0.9) | 0.31 |
| Non-starch polysaccharide (g/day) (n=202) | 0.10 | (−1.9 to 2.0) | 0.92 | −1.4 | (−3.3 to 0.50) | 0.15 | 1.5 | (−0.4 to 3.3) | 0.13 |
| Fruit and vegetables (g/day) (n=219) | 39 | (−17 to 96) | 0.17 | −70 | (−13 to −126) | 0.015 | 48 | (−8 to 104) | 0.09 |
| Anxiety (HAD anxiety scale) (n=202) | 0.16 | (−0.20 to 0.51) | 0.38 | 0.05 | (−0.30 to 0.41) | 0.77 | −0.14 | (−0.49 to 0.22) | 0.45 |
HLD=high density lipoprotein.
Numbers for outcomes vary due to missing values.
For cholesterol/HDL ratio there was a possible interaction between booklet and low sodium salt: interaction term 0.42 (0.07 to 0.78; P=0.02) low sodium salt −0.23 (−0.49 to 0.04; p=0.09) booklet −0.14 (−0.39 to 0.10; P=0.25) prompts −0.11 (−0.29 to 0.06; P=0.22). Given the number of interactions tested this may be a chance finding.
*
Estimates for each intervention control for the effects of the other interventions and for baseline values.