Table 1. Baseline characteristics by family history status in the subcohort: The EPIC-InterAct study.
| No family history | Positive family history | Age-, sex- and centre-adjusted difference in means | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | N | Mean | SD | N | Mean | SD | Difference | 95% CI | P |
| Age at recruitment (years)a | 6541 | 54.0 | 9.7 | 1503 | 54.0 | 9.0 | 0.27 | (−0.19, 0.73) | 0.25 |
| Sex (% Men)b | 6541 | 2512 (38%) | 1503 | 462 (31%) | 1.33 | (1.17, 1.52) | <0.001 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 6528 | 25.1 | 3.9 | 1501 | 26.0 | 4.1 | 0.89 | (0.68, 1.11) | <0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 6530 | 168.4 | 9.0 | 1501 | 167.5 | 8.7 | −0.10 | (−0.45, 0.25) | 0.57 |
| Weight (kg) | 6531 | 71.5 | 13.6 | 1501 | 73.2 | 13.9 | 2.45 | (1.80, 3.10) | <0.001 |
| Weight at age 20 (kg) | 3704 | 62.4 | 10.3 | 835 | 62.5 | 10.3 | 1.00 | (0.40, 1.60) | 0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 5685 | 84.1 | 12.4 | 1342 | 85.6 | 12.4 | 2.39 | (1.8 , 2.99) | <0.001 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 5682 | 99.9 | 7.9 | 1343 | 101.6 | 8.5 | 1.55 | (1.08, 2.02) | <0.001 |
| Physical activity index | 6390 | 2.6 | 1.1 | 1473 | 2.5 | 1.0 | −0.05 | (−0.11, 0) | 0.06 |
| Smoking – Neverb | 2897 (45%) | 707 (47%) | |||||||
| Smoking – Former | 6425 | 1961 (31%) | 1490 | 424 (28%) | 0.91 | (0.81, 1.02) | 0.26 | ||
| Smoking – Current | 1567 (24%) | 359 (24%) | |||||||
| Education level | 6414 | 2.4 | 1.1 | 1484 | 2.3 | 1.1 | −0.12 | (−0.18, −0.06) | <0.001 |
| Mediterranean diet pattern (1-3) | 6415 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 1467 | 1.7 | 0.6 | −0.01 | (−0.05, 0.02) | 0.53 |
| Energy intake (kcal/day) | 6415 | 2105.9 | 601.5 | 1467 | 2031.5 | 579.1 | −29.85 | (−60.0, 0.33) | 0.05 |
| Genetic score | 3387 | 36.7 | 3.7 | 841 | 37.1 | 3.8 | 0.37 | (0.09, 0.65) | 0.01 |
| Genetic score (including imputed genotypes) | 4362 | 36.8 | 3.7 | 1083 | 37.2 | 3.7 | 0.39 | (0.15, 0.64) | 0.002 |
Individuals with no family history are the reference group throughout. Analyses include all individuals in centres that collected information on family history and had data on each individual characteristic available.
a
Adjusted for sex and centre only
b
Difference assessed by logistic regression adjusted for centre (Men=0, Women=1; Never smokers=0, ever smokers=1 ) and odds ratio reported.
Physical Activity index and Education level were treated as continuous variables for the purpose of this analysis (Physical activity index (1=inactive, 2=moderately inactive, 3=moderately active, 4=active; Education level: 0=none, 1=primary school, 2=technical school, 3=secondary school, 4=degree or higher education)