Table 1.

Major Studies^a Identifying the Relationship of ACE Inhibitors, ARBs, and IMT

Investigators	Population	Subjects, N	Comparator Agents	Outcome Measure
ACE Inhibitor Trials
Boutouyrie et al62	Essential hypertension	98	Enalapril vs celiprolol	Enalapril ↓ IMT
MacMahon et al64	Coronary artery disease	617	Ramipril vs no treatment	No difference in IMT
Hosomi et al65	Non–insulin-dependent DM	98	Enalapril vs placebo	Enalapril ↓ IMT
Zanchetti et al66	Dyslipidemia and hypertension	508	Fosinopril vs HCTZ	Fosinopril ↓ IMT progression
Lonn et al67	High-risk patientsb	732	Ramipril vs placebo	Ramipril ↓ IMT
Asselbergs et al68	Microalbuminuria	642	Fosinopril vs placebo	No difference in IMT
ARB Trials
Ludwig et al70	Mild-to-moderate hypertension	280	Losartan vs atenolol	No difference in IMT
Ariff et al71	Uncontrolled hypertension with end-organ damage	88	Candesartan vs atenolol	No difference in IMT
Uchiyama-Tanaka et al73	Moderate hypertention	57	Losartan vs atenolol	Losartan ↓ IMT
Petrovic et al74	Moderate-to-severe hypertension	75	Telmisartan vs ramipril	Telmisartan ↓ IMT Telmisartan with ramipril ↓ IMT vs telmisartan monotherapy
Mortsell et al75	Hypertension	108	Ibesartan vs atenolol	Ibesartan ↓ IMT
Stumpe et al76	Hypertension with common carotid plaque	165	Olmesartan vs atenolol	No difference in IMT Olmesartan ↓ large plaque volume
Sonoda et al77	Hypertension	50	Losartan vs enalapril or Imidapril vs placebo	Losartan and enalapril or imidapril ↓ IMT

^aMajor study: ≥ 50 subjects.

^bDiabetes, vascular disease, plus 1 other risk factor.

Abbreviations: ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme: ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; DM, diabetes mellitus; HCTZ, hydrochlorothiazide; IMT, intima-media thickness.