Table 2.
Effect of resuscitation fluid on outcomes.
| Lactated Ringers
|
HBOC
|
HBOC+NTG
|
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total Cath Hem Vol (ml/kg) at 30 mmHg for 15 minutes | 17.4 | 15.5 | 19.3 | 16.2 | 14.3 | 18.0 | 19.0 | 17.1 | 20.9 |
| End of Hemorrhage Lactate (mmol/L) | 5.1 | 4.3 | 5.9 | 3.8 | 3.1 | 4.6 | 5.3* | 4.5 | 6.0 |
| No. Pre-hosp boluses | 3.8 | 2.9 | 4.7 | 3.7 | 2.8 | 4.7 | 2.5 | 1.6 | 3.5 |
| Total Prehospital Fluid given (ml/kg) | 74.4*C | 61.9 | 86.9 | 37.3 | 24.8 | 49.8 | 25.4 | 12.9 | 37.9 |
| Total NS Infused (ml/kg) | 62.6 | 39.1 | 86.1 | 76.0 | 45.7 | 106.4 | 28.1* | 3.7 | 52.6 |
| Shed Blood Infused (ml/kg) | 8.8 | 4.7 | 12.9 | 7.0 | 0.8 | 13.1 | 3.3 | 0.0 | 7.8 |
| Intraperitoneal bleeding (ml/kg) | 12.1 | 1.3 | 22.9 | 30.4 | 19.6 | 41.2 | 24.8 | 14.0 | 35.6 |
| Total Hemorrhage volume (catheter+intraperitoneal, ml/kg) | 29.4 | 18.7 | 40.1 | 46.5 | 35.8 | 57.2 | 38.9 | 28.2 | 49.6 |
| Survival Time (min) (%survived to 6 hr) | 286.9 (58%) | 217.4 | 356.4 | 194.8 (26%) | 125.3 | 264.3 | 117.6† (16%) | 48.1 | 187.1 |
Outcome measurements grouped according to type of resuscitation fluid administered. LR= Lactated Ringers, HBOC= hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier, HBOC+NTG= HBOC with nitroglycerin co-infusion,
*
Sig Different than HBOC, p<0.05,
†
Sig Different than LR, p<0.05,
C
Sig Different than HBOC+NTG, p<0.05. Two-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD.