Table 5.

Percentage of Variance in Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) at the Upper Fibers of the Trapezius Muscle (UFT) and Tibialis Anterior Muscle (TA) Sites Explained by Each of the Psychological Variables After Controlling for the Effects of Sex, Chronicity, Cause of Symptoms, and Pain Intensity Using Forward Hierarchical Multiple Linear Regression^a

^aThe value in parentheses is the P value associated with the change in F value when each variable was added to the 3 base descriptive variables equation. PCS=Pain Catastrophizing Scale, FPQ=Fear of Pain Questionnaire–short form, HADS_Dep=Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale depression subscale, HADS_Anx=Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale anxiety subscale, TSK=Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia. Note that with the exception of the 2 HADS subscales, each psychological variable was captured in a slightly different cohort.