Table 1.
Body weight modification in pre-motor PD.
| Reference | Study type | Population | n | Origin | PD cases | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chen et al. (54) | Prospective cohort | NHSa, HPFSa | 160,000 | USA | 468 | Weight loss |
| Logroscino et al. (56) | Prospective cohort | Harvard Alumni Health Study | 10,812 | USA | 106 | Weight loss |
| Cheshire and Wszolek (55) | Case–control study | 100 + 100 | USA | 100 | Weight loss | |
| Ma et al. (57) | Prospective cohort | Rural population Lixian | 16,488 | China | 464 (85 analyzed) | Weight loss |
| Hu et al. (58) | Prospective cohort | Cross-sectional population surveys | 47,156 | Finland | 526 | Weight gain |
| Ikeda et al. (59) | Prospective cohort | Check up in health care center | 20,000 | Japan | 24 | Weight gain |
| Abbott et al. (60) | Prospective cohort | Honolulu Heart Program | 7990 | USA/Japanese origin | 137 | Weight gain |
| Kyrozis et al. (61) | Prospective cohort | EPICa Study | 26,173 | Greece | 120 | No association |
| Becker et al. (62) | Retrospective database analysis | Database | 5,000,000 | UK | No association | |
| Ragonese et al. (63) | Case–control study | 318 + 318 | Italy | 318 | No association | |
| Scigliano et al. (64) | Case–control study | Clinical records of newly diagnosed PD | 178 + 533 | Italy | 178 | No association |
aNHS, National Health Study; HPFS, Health Professional Follow-up Study; EPIC, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.