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Coarse-grained model of an immunoglobulin molecule. The two Fab arms and the Fc are replaced by rigid rods freely jointed in the hinge region. The relative position of the Fab1,2–Fc arms is described by the two angles φi and θi (i = 1, 2), in the Fabi–Fc planes and in the plane perpendicular to Fc, respectively. The angle ξ measures the Fab–Fab separation in the Fab–Fab plane.
