TABLE 2.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients undergoing mitral valve repair: Propensity-matched cohorts
| Any cause |
Degenerative only |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Median sternotomy (n = 201) | Minimally invasive (n = 201) | P value | Median sternotomy (n = 153) | Minimally invasive (n = 153) | P value |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age (y) | 57.0 ± 12.8 | 57.1 ± 12.4 | .9 | 57.1 ± 12.8 | 56.6 ± 12.1 | .7 |
| Gender (% female) | 71 (35.5%) | 68 (33.7%) | .8 | 57 (37.3%) | 51 (33.3%) | .6 |
| BMI (kg/m–2) | 26.2 ± 4.4 | 26.2 ± 4.3 | 1.0 | 25.8 ± 4.2 | 25.8 ± 4.2 | .9 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Chronic kidney disease | 6 (3.0%) | 6 (3.0%) | 1.0 | 2 (1.3%) | 2 (1.3%) | 1.0 |
| Hypertension | 95 (47.5%) | 84 (41.6%) | .3 | 61 (39.9%) | 63 (41.2%) | .9 |
| Infective endocarditis | 18 (9.0%) | 9 (4.5%) | .08 | 7 (4.6%) | 5 (3.3%) | .8 |
| Chronic lung disease | 20 (10.0%) | 18 (9.0% ) | .7 | 12 (7.8%) | 13 (8.5%) | 1.0 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 2 (1.0%) | 5 (2.5%) | .5 | 0(0%) | 2 (1.3%) | .5 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 14 (7.0%) | 14 (7.0%) | 1.0 | 8 (5.3%) | 6 (3.9%) | .6 |
| Previous cardiac surgery | 16 (8.0%) | 14 (7.0%) | .7 | 8 (5.3%) | 6 (3.9%) | .6 |
| NYHA functional class | .3 | .5 | ||||
| I | 58 (28.9%) | 67 (33.3%) | 47 (30.7%) | 53 (34.6%) | ||
| II-IV | 143 (71.1%) | 134 (66.7%) | 106 (69.3%) | 100 (65.4%) | ||
| Cause | .9 | 1.0 | ||||
| Degenerative | 156 (77.6%) | 158 (78.6%) | 153 (100.0%) | 153 (100.0%) | ||
| Functional | 21 (10.4%) | 21 (10.4%) | — | — | ||
| Other | 24 (12.0%) | 22 (8.5%) | — | — | ||
| Echocardiography | ||||||
| Ejection fraction (% ) | 56.7 ± 11.9 | 57.0 ± 9.5 | .8 | 58.1 ± 9.3 | 58.3 ± 7.7 | .8 |
| Severe MR | 201 (100.0%) | 201 (100.0%) | .3 | 153 (100.0%) | 153 (100.0%) | 1.0 |
| Moderate or greater TR | 39 (19.4%) | 39 (19.4%) | 1.0 | 31 (20.3%) | 30 (19.6%) | 1.0 |
| Leaflet prolapse | .03 | .14 | ||||
| Anterior | 14 (7.0%) | 14 (7.0%) | 10 (6.5%) | 10 (6.5%) | ||
| Posterior | 126 (62.7%) | 144 (71.6%) | 104 (68.0%) | 118 (77.1%) | ||
| Bileaflet | 42 (20.9%) | 23 (11.4%) | 39 (25.5%) | 25 (16.3%) | ||
Continuous variables are expressed as means ± standard deviation. BMI, Body mass index; NYHA, New York Heart Association; MR, mitral regurgitation; TR, tricuspid regurgitation.