TABLE 3.
Operative and echocardiographic data stratified by operative approach: Propensity-matched cohorts
| Any cause |
Degenerative only |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Median sternotomy (n = 201) | Minimally invasive (n = 201) | P value | Median sternotomy (n = 153) | Minimally invasive (n = 153) | P value |
| Crossclamp time (min) | 82.3 ± 38.5 | 101.3 ± 32.4 | <.001 | 81.9 ± 30.7 | 103.7 ± 31.6 | < .001 |
| Bypass time (min) | 108.1 ± 48.3 | 136.8 ± 42.0 | <.001 | 106.8 ± 36.8 | 138.1 ± 41.2 | < .001 |
| Repeat bypass run | 9 (4.5%) | 6 (3.0%) | 4 | 6 (3.9%) | 5 (3.3%) | .8 |
| Significant SAM | 2 (1.0%) | 0 (0%) | .3 | 2 (1.3%) | 0 (0%) | .5 |
| Ring type | ||||||
| Flexible | 14 (7.0%) | 105 (52.2%) | < .001 | 9 (5.9%) | 90 (58.8%) | < .001 |
| Semirigid/rigid | 187 (93.0%) | 96 (47.8%) | 144 (94.1%) | 63 (41.2%) | ||
| Incomplete | 5 (2.5%) | 1 (0.5%) | .1 | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.7%) | 1.0 |
| Complete | 196 (97.5%) | 200 (99.5%) | 153 (100%) | 152 (99.3%) | ||
| Repair strategy | < .001 | < .001 | ||||
| Leaflet resection | 136 (67.7%) | 105 (52.2%) | 121 (79.1%) | 98 (64.1%) | ||
| Neochordae | 16 (8.0%) | 37 (18.4%) | 15 (9.8%) | 29 (19.0%) | ||
| Leaflet remodeling | 15 (7.5%) | 32 (15.9%) | 4 (2.6%) | 19 (12.4%) | ||
| Annuloplasty alone | 29 (14.4%) | 19 (9.5%) | 10 (6.5%) | 5 (3.3%) | ||
| Post-repair MR | .04 | .04 | ||||
| None | 181 (90.0%) | 192 (95.5%) | 140 (92.1%) | 148 (97.4%) | ||
| Trace/mild | 20 (10.0%) | 9 (4.5%) | 12 (7.9%) | 4 (2.6%) | ||
| Moderate | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Post-repair EF (%) | 57.8 ± 14.2 | 56.6 ± 10.7 | .3 | 58.4 ± 12.0 | 57.5 ± 9.5 | .5 |
Continuous variables are expressed as means ± standard deviation. SAM, Systolic anterior motion; MR, mitral regurgitation; EF, ejection fraction.