Table 4.
Factors associated with intimate partner violence reported by women
|
Variables |
Victimization |
Perpetration |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Verbal | Physical | Verbal | Physical | |||||
|
Age (years) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 30-39 |
1.00 |
|
1.00 |
|
1.00 |
|
1.00 |
|
| 40-49 |
1.23 |
(0.99 - 1.54) |
0.75 |
(0.53 - 1.07) |
1.04 |
(0.84 - 1.30) |
0.79 |
(0.52 - 1.22) |
| 50-59 |
1.06 |
(0.82 - 1.36) |
0.63 |
(0.42 - 0.96) |
0.86 |
(0.66 - 1.10) |
0.43 |
(0.24 - 0.77) |
| 60-69 |
0.69 |
(0.51 - 0.93) |
0.31 |
(0.18 - 0.52) |
0.57 |
(0.42 - 0.78) |
0.22 |
(0.09 - 0.50) |
| 70+ |
0.53 |
(0.38 - 0.75) |
0.15 |
(0.08 - 0.28) |
0.43 |
(0.30 - 0.61) |
0.14 |
(0.05 - 0.39) |
|
Education |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| None or elementary school |
1.00 |
|
1.00 |
|
1.00 |
|
1.00 |
|
| Middle or high school |
0.77 |
(0.61 - 0.96) |
0.70 |
(0.46 - 1.07) |
0.73 |
(0.57 - 0.92) |
1.07 |
(0.53 - 2.17) |
| University or higher |
0.76 |
(0.56 - 1.02) |
0.67 |
(0.39 - 1.13) |
0.87 |
(0.64 - 1.17) |
1.38 |
(0.62 - 3.11) |
|
Satisfaction with family relationships |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Satisfied |
1.00 |
|
1.00 |
|
1.00 |
|
1.00 |
|
| Neutral |
1.66 |
(1.39 - 1.99) |
2.43 |
(1.80 - 3.28) |
1.48 |
(1.23 - 1.78) |
1.94 |
(1.24 - 3.04) |
| Not satisfied |
3.17 |
(2.23 - 4.52) |
6.68 |
(4.23 - 10.56) |
2.78 |
(1.95 - 3.96) |
9.46 |
(5.21 - 17.19) |
|
Satisfaction with one’s personal life |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Satisfied |
1.00 |
|
1.00 |
|
1.00 |
|
1.00 |
|
| Neutral |
1.48 |
(1.25 - 1.76) |
1.63 |
(1.16 - 2.29) |
1.45 |
(1.22 - 1.73) |
1.45 |
(0.92 - 2.27) |
| Not satisfied |
1.96 |
(1.55 - 2.49) |
2.52 |
(1.64 - 3.89) |
2.36 |
(1.85 - 3.00) |
2.23 |
(1.22 - 4.08) |
|
Alcohol intake |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Nondrinker |
1.00 |
|
1.00 |
|
1.00 |
|
1.00 |
|
| Light drinker (1-4 drinks) |
1.38 |
(1.17 - 1.62) |
1.21 |
(0.91 - 1.61) |
1.45 |
(1.23 - 1.70) |
1.13 |
(0.76 - 1.67) |
| Moderate drinker (5-9 drinks) |
1.68 |
(1.24 - 2.27) |
1.58 |
(0.98 - 2.53) |
1.53 |
(1.13 - 2.08) |
2.15 |
(1.21 - 3.83) |
| Heavy drinker (10 ≤ drinks) | 1.47 | (0.80 - 2.70) | 1.78 | (0.75 - 4.18) | 1.83 | (1.00 - 3.35) | 3.18 | (1.23 - 8.20) |
Results are presented as adjusted odds ratios and (95% confidence intervals), and adjusted for age, education, household income, employment status, perceived wealth during childhood, satisfaction with family relationships, satisfaction with one’s personal life, smoking, and alcohol intake.