Table 7. Multivariate correlation analyses of ocular pathology and visual impairment in onchocerciasis patients treated annually with ivermectin for 23 years.

Variable	Variable	Spearman ρ	p value
Age	Cataract	0,2949	<0.0001
Age	Punctate Keratitis	−0,2934	<0.0001
Age	Visual Impairment	0,2696	<0.0001
Age	MF in the AC of the eye	−0,2461	0,0001
Years PIT	MF in the AC of the eye	−0,4103	<0.0001
Years PIT	Punctate Keratitis	−0,3425	<0.0001
Years PIT	MF in the cornea	−0,2639	<0.0001
Years PIT	Iridocyclitis	−0,2379	0,0002
Years PIT	Cataract	0,2331	0,0002
Years PIT	Visual Impairment	0,2188	0,0005
Visual Acuity	Cataract	0,5379	<0.0001
Visual Acuity	Papillitis	0,4351	<0.0001
Visual Acuity	Chorioretinitis	0,3747	<0.0001
Visual Acuity	Sclerosing Keratitis	0,2541	0,0001
Visual Acuity	Iridocyclitis	0,2511	0,0001
Cataract	Papillitis	0,2800	<0.0001
Cataract	Chorioretinitis	0,1950	0,0020
Iridocyclitis	Chorioretinitis	0,3792	<0.0001
Iridocyclitis	Cataract	0,2593	<0.0001
Iridocyclitis	Papillitis	0,2202	0,0005
Punctate Keratitis	Sclerosing Keratitis	0,2793	<0.0001
Punctate Keratitis	Chorioretinitis	0,1991	0,0016
Sclerosing Keratitis	Cataract	0,2567	<0.0001
Sclerosing Keratitis	Chorioretinitis	0,2553	<0.0001
Sclerosing Keratitis	Iridocyclitis	0,2149	0,0007
Dead MF in the cornea	Sclerosing Keratitis	0,2818	<0.0001
Dead MF in the cornea	Iridocyclitis	0,2282	0,0003
Dead MF in the cornea	Punctate Keratitis	0,2276	0,0003
MF in the AC of the eye	Iridocyclitis	0,3726	<0.0001
MF in the AC of the eye	Dead MF in the cornea	0,3511	<0.0001
MF in the AC of the eye	Sclerosing Keratitis	0,3162	<0.0001
MF in the AC of the eye	Punctate Keratitis	0,2583	<0.0001
MF in the AC of the eye	Chorioretinitis	0,2552	<0.0001
Papillitis	Chorioretinitis	0,4057	<0.0001

Significant correlations of p<0.0025 are shown. (MF = microfilariae; AC = anterior chamber; Years PIT = Years post initial treatment).