Table 1. Demographic data of case series studies of ERAS programs included in this review.
| Study | Year | Country | n | Age, years mean (range) | Gender, male/female n/n | Smokers n (%) | Hypertension n (%) | Cardiac disease n (%) | Diabetes n (%) |
| Abularrage et al. [28] | 2005 | USA | 30 | 68 (66–70) | 25/5 | 23 (77%) | 24 (80%) | 14 (47%) | 4 (13%) |
| Brustia et al. [29] | 2007 | Italy | 323 | 70 (50–87) | 294/29 | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Callaghan et al. [30] | 2005 | UK | 178 | 72 (66–77) | 156/22 | 57 (38%) | 73 (48%) | 45 (29%) | 12 (8%) |
| Chang et al. [31] | 2003 | USA | 240 | 69 (60–80) | 171/69 | 208 (87%) | 167 (70%) | 113 (47%) | 29 (12%) |
| Hafez et al. [32] | 2011 | UK | 83 | 73 (61–87) | 77/6 | 11 (13%) | 48 (58%) | 47 (57%) | 13 (16%) |
| Ko et al. [33] | 2004 | China | 10 | 73 (63–89) | 7/3 | _ | 8 (80%) | _ | 2 (20%) |
| Löhr et al. [34] | 2008 | Germany | 35 | 71 (59–83) | 31/4 | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Moniaci et al. [35] | 2011 | Italy | 94 | 71 (63–79) | 84/10 | 80 (85%) | 84 (89%) | – | 9 (10%) |
| Mukherjee et al [36] | 2008 | USA | 30 | 67 (60–88) | 25/5 | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Murphy et al. [37] | 2007 | UK | 30 | 73 (50–89) | 26/4 | – | – | – | – |
| Podore et al. [38] | 1999 | USA | 50 | 64 (40–88) | 34/16 | 37 (74%) | 26 (52%) | 24 (48%) | 3 (6%) |
| Renghi et al. [39] | 2001 | Italy | 58 | 66 (55–75) | – | – | – | – | – |
| Rigberg et al. [40] | 2004 | USA | 89 | 73 | 71/18 | 58 (65%) | 58 (65%) | 37 (42%) | 13 (15%) |
| Total values, n (range or %) | 1,250 | 70 (40–89) | 1001 (84%)/191 (16%) | 474 (62%) | 488 (63%) | 280 (42%) | 85 (11%) |