Table 2.
Participants' baseline socio-demographic characteristics, clinical measures, and behavioral measures by community site and combined sample
| Characteristics | Community | Combined | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KULA (n = 59) | HM (n = 58) | KOM (n = 70) | KKV (n = 52) | p | total | |
| (n = 239) | ||||||
| Ethnicity | <.001 | |||||
| Chuukese | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.4) | 20 (38.5) | 21 (9) | |
| Filipino | 1 (1.7) | 2 (3.5) | 2 (2.9) | 7 (13.5) | 12 (5) | |
| Native Hawaiian | 51 (86.4) | 48 (84.2) | 61 (87.1) | 8 (15.4) | 168 (71) | |
| Samoan | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.9) | 15 (28.9) | 17 (7) | |
| Other Pacific Islander | 2 (3.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (1) | |
| Non Pacific Islander | 5 (8.5) | 7 (12.3) | 3 (4.3) | 2 (3.9) | 17 (7) | |
| Age (years) | 51.8 ± 12.5a,b | 51.0 ± 16.8a,b | 53.2 ± 14.2a | 46.2 ± 12.5b | <.0499 | 50.8 ± 14.3 |
| Females | 53 (89.8) | 40 (72.7) | 60 (85.7) | 45 (86.5) | <.091 | 198 (84) |
| Education level | <.001 | |||||
| Less than High School | 2 (3.4) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | 12 (23.0) | 15 (6) | |
| High School diploma/GED | 22 (37.3) | 17 (29.8) | 26 (37.1) | 22 (42.3) | 87 (37) | |
| Some college/tech | 21 (35.6) | 24 (42.1) | 34 (48.6) | 12 (23.0) | 91 (38) | |
| College degree | 14 (23.7) | 15 (26.3) | 10 (14.3) | 6 (11.5) | 45 (19) | |
| Marital Status | <.70 | |||||
| Never married | 11 (18.6) | 15 (26.3) | 20 (28.6) | 13 (25.0) | 59 (25) | |
| Currently married | 27 (45.8) | 26 (45.6) | 28 (40.0) | 27 (51.9) | 108 (45) | |
| Disrupted marital status | 21 (35.6) | 16 (28.1) | 22 (31.4) | 12 (23.1) | 71 (30) | |
| Weight (kg) | 99.9 ± 22.1a,b | 95.0 ± 21.0a | 105.6 ± 23.6a,b | 111.0 ± 34.8b | <.0072 | 102.8 ± 26.2 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 38.0 ± 6.6a,b | 34.8 ± 6.4a | 38.7 ± 8.4a,b | 41.7 ± 11.9b | <.001 | 38.3 ± 8.7 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 136.5 ± 21.6a | 132.0 ± 25.3a,b | 127.0 ± 20.2a,b | 124.1 ± 18.7b | <.013 | 130.0 ± 22.1 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 89.1 ± 14.8a | 84.2 ± 14.7a,b | 80.7 ± 12.4b,c | 76.5 ± 12.2c | <.001 | 82.7 ± 14.4 |
| 6-Minute Walk Test (feet) | 1224.8 ± 278.1a,b | 1327.5 ± 316.6a | 1153.8 ± 316.9b | 1335.5 ± 277.9a | .0014 | 1253.3 ± 311.7 |
| Physical Activity Frequency Score | 3.5 ± 1.3a,b | 3.5 ± 1.2a,b | 3.0 ± 1.1a | 3.8 ± 1.2b | <.0037 | 3.4 ± 1.2 |
| Fat in Diet Score | 3.0 ± 0.4a | 2.9 ± 0.4a | 2.9 ± 0.4a | 3.0 ± 0.3a | <.34 | 3.0 ± 0.4 |
Data shown are mean ± SD or n (%). Means with different subscripts differ significantly at p < 0.05 by Tukey-Kramer procedure. The p value for categorical variable based on Fisher's exact or Chi-square test; the p value for continuous variable based on one-way ANOVA. Column numbers may not equal 100 % due to round-off or unknown values
KULA Kula no nā Po'e Hawai'i, Papakolea Homestead Community; HM Hawai'i Maoli, Association of Hawaiian Civic Clubs; KOM Ke Ola Mamo, Native Hawaiian Health Care System of O'ahu; KKV Kōkua Kalihi Valley Comprehensive Family Services