USP7 overexpression suppresses gluconeogenic gene expression in primary hepatocytes. A, USP7 does not alter insulin signaling in primary hepatocytes. Western blot analysis of whole-cell extracts from primary hepatocytes infected with control (GFP), USP7 wild-type, or USP7 catalytically inactive mutant (CS) adenoviruses and subjected to the conditions presented in Figure 3A. B, Wild-type USP7 suppresses gluconeogenic gene expression upon forskolin treatment. Hepatocytes were treated as in (A). mRNA levels are graphed relative to expression of unstimulated/serum-starved GFP and presented as average ± SEM; n = 3. *, P < .05; **, P < .01; and ***, P < .001 by one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls Multiple Comparison test. Data are representative of at least two independent experiments.