Table 1.
Prevalence of cancer genetic test awareness: The 2000, 2005, and 2010 National Health Interview Surveys
| Population characteristics | NHIS 2000 | NHIS 2005 | NHIS 2010 | Percentage point differenceb | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Total number | %a (95% CI) | Total number | %a (95% CI) | Total number | %a (95% CI) | 2000 to 2005 | 2005 to 2010 | |
| Total | 27,405 | 44.4 (43.6, 45.2) | 26,402 | 41.5 (40.7, 42.3) | 22,371 | 47.0 (46.1, 48.0) | −2.9*** | 5.5*** |
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| Demographic factors | ||||||||
| Race/ethnicity | 27,405 | 26,402 | 22,371 | |||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 18,316 | 49.9 (48.9, 0.8) | 17,383 | 47.7 (46.7, 48.8) | 12,975 | 54.4 (53.2, 55.5) | −2.1** | 6.6*** |
| Non-Hispanic black | 3,728 | 32.9 (30.9, 35.0) | 3,533 | 30.3 (28.3, 32.3) | 3,519 | 34.5 (32.5, 36.6) | −2.6* | 4.2** |
| Hispanic | 4,313 | 20.6 (19.0, 22.3) | 4,356 | 18.0 (16.7, 19.4) | 4,084 | 23.7 (22.1, 25.3) | −2.6* | 5.6*** |
| Asian | 679 | 27.9 (24.2, 32.1) | 759 | 27.1 (23.5, 31.1) | 1,386 | 32.9 (29.8, 36.1) | −0.8 | 5.8* |
| American Indians/Alaskan Natives | 140 | 32.3 (23.6, 42.3) | 112 | 28.5 (19.7, 39.3) | 94 | 44.6 (32.6, 57.3) | −3.8 | 16.1* |
| Other | 229 | 49.7 (42.1, 57.4) | 259 | 42.4 (35.3, 49.8) | 313 | 51.6 (44.3, 58.8) | −7.3 | 9.2 |
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| Region | 27,405 | 26,402 | 22,371 | |||||
| Northeast | 5,172 | 46.7 (44.9, 48.5) | 4,562 | 44.1 (42.5, 45.8) | 3,610 | 48.3 (46.2, 50.3) | −2.6* | 4.1** |
| Midwest | 6,311 | 48.7 (47.0, 50.3) | 6,185 | 46.8 (45.1, 48.6) | 4,920 | 51.5 (49.4, 53.6) | −1.8 | 4.6*** |
| South | 9,927 | 41.0 (39.7, 42.4) | 9,729 | 36.6 (35.1, 38.1) | 8,230 | 44.8 (43.2, 46.4) | −4.5*** | 8.2*** |
| West | 5,995 | 43.0 (41.3, 44.6) | 5,926 | 41.3 (39.6, 43.0) | 5,611 | 45.1 (43.2, 47.0) | − 1.7 | 3.8** |
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| Age group (years) | 27,405 | 26,402 | 22,371 | |||||
| 25–39 | 9,348 | 43.7 (42.5, 44.9) | 8,130 | 39.0 (37.7, 40.3) | 6,852 | 42.6 (41.0, 44.2) | −4.7*** | 3.6*** |
| 40–59 | 10,557 | 50.4 (49.2, 51.5) | 10,702 | 46.1 (44.9, 47.4) | 8,631 | 51.8 (50.4, 53.2) | −4.2*** | 5.7*** |
| ≥60 | 7,500 | 35.5 (34.3, 36.8) | 7,570 | 36.8 (35.5, 38.1) | 6,888 | 44.8 (43.2, 46.3) | 1.2 | 8.0*** |
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| Gender | 27,405 | 26,402 | 22,371 | |||||
| Male | 11,811 | 41.6 (40.5, 42.7) | 11,541 | 37.6 (36.4, 38.7) | 9,836 | 42.5 (41.3, 43.7) | −4.0*** | 4.9*** |
| Female | 15,594 | 47.1 (46.1, 48.1) | 14,861 | 45.1 (44.1, 46.2) | 12,535 | 51.3 (50.0, 52.5) | −1.9** | 6.1*** |
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| Education | 27,226 | 26,159 | 22,282 | |||||
| Less than high school graduate | 5,672 | 19.7 (18.3, 21.2) | 4,858 | 17.3 (16.0, 18.7) | 3,808 | 19.9 (18.2, 21.6) | −2.4* | 2.6* |
| High school graduate | 8,011 | 37.6 (36.4, 38.9) | 7,450 | 32.9 (31.5, 34.2) | 5,850 | 36.9 (35.3, 38.5) | −4.8*** | 4.0*** |
| Some college/Associates degree | 7,162 | 51.4 (49.9, 52.9) | 6,991 | 46.9 (45.3, 48.5) | 6,331 | 52.3 (50.8, 53.9) | −4.4*** | 5.4*** |
| Bachelors degree or higher | 6,381 | 62.8 (61.5, 64.1) | 6,860 | 59.3 (57.9, 60.5) | 6,293 | 63.4 (61.9, 65.0) | −3.5*** | 4.2*** |
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| Family income | 27,405 | 26,402 | 22,371 | |||||
| <$20,000 | 7,487 | 28.1 (26.8, 29.5) | 6,375 | 24.6 (23.2, 26.0) | 5,083 | 29.0 (27.4, 30.7) | −3.6*** | 4.4*** |
| $20,000 to <$35,000 | 6,042 | 37.0 (35.3, 38.6) | 5,573 | 33.3 (31.5, 35.1) | 4,271 | 37.2 (35.2, 39.2) | −3.7** | 3.9** |
| $35,000 to <$55,000 | 5,476 | 45.4 (43.9, 47.0) | 5,101 | 40.5 (38.8, 42.3) | 4,411 | 43.4 (41.5, 45.2) | −4.9*** | 2.9* |
| $55,000 to <$75,000 | 3,443 | 50.7 (48.6, 52.8) | 3,227 | 46.2 (44.3, 48.1) | 2,722 | 50.4 (48.1, 52.7) | −4.5** | 4.2** |
| ≥$75,000 | 4,958 | 59.0 (57.2, 60.8) | 6,126 | 54.2 (52.7, 55.8) | 5,884 | 60.5 (58.9, 62.0) | −4.8*** | 6.2*** |
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| Personal/family cancer history and perceived cancer risk in self | ||||||||
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| Cancer history in self or first-degree relatives | 27,282 | 26,181 | 22,271 | |||||
| Breast or ovarian | 2,909 | 51.2 (49.1, 53.3) | 3,121 | 49.3 (47.3, 51.3) | 2,830 | 57.3 (55.0, 59.5) | −1.9 | 8.0*** |
| Cancer other than breast and ovarian | 8,976 | 47.7 (46.6, 48.9) | 8,681 | 46.4 (45.0, 47.7) | 7,381 | 51.7 (50.2, 53.1) | −1.4 | 5.3*** |
| None | 15,397 | 41.3 (40.3, 42.3) | 14,379 | 37.1 (36.1, 38.2) | 12,060 | 41.6 (40.3, 42.9) | −4.2*** | 4.4*** |
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| Perceived cancer risk in selfc | 25,419 | 24,466 | 21,225 | |||||
| High (more likely) | 2,848 | 48.6 (46.5, 50.7) | 3,260 | 45.6 (43.6, 47.7) | 2,672 | 54.0 (51.7, 56.2) | −3.0* | 8.4*** |
| Medium (as likely) | 7,548 | 50.8 (49.4, 52.2) | 12,962 | 43.4 (42.2, 44.6) | 10,428 | 49.4 (48.2, 50.7) | −7.4*** | 6.0*** |
| Low (less likely) | 15,023 | 41.9 (40.8, 43.0) | 8,244 | 40.0 (38.8, 41.3) | 8,125 | 43.3 (42.0, 44.7) | −1.9* | 3.3*** |
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| Health care factors | ||||||||
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| Usual place of care | 27,387 | 26,383 | 22,364 | |||||
| Yes | 23,492 | 46.0 (45.2, 46.8) | 22,679 | 42.8 (41.9, 43.6) | 18,661 | 49.1 (48.1, 50.1) | −3.2*** | 6.3*** |
| No or hospital ER | 3,895 | 34.6 (32.7, 36.6) | 3,704 | 33.4 (31.7, 35.1) | 3,703 | 35.9 (34.0, 37.8) | −1.3 | 2.5 |
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| Saw/spoke with a health care professional in the past 12 months | 27,338 | 26,328 | 22,348 | |||||
| Yes | 22,791 | 46.1 (45.2, 46.9) | 22,058 | 43.5 (42.6, 44.3) | 18,562 | 49.0 (48.0, 50.0) | −2.6*** | 5.6*** |
| No | 4,547 | 36.7 (35.0, 38.4) | 4,270 | 31.8 (30.2, 33.5) | 3,786 | 37.0 (34.9, 39.1) | −4.9*** | 5.1*** |
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| Health insurance | 27,304 | 26,343 | 22,318 | |||||
| Private or military | 19,444 | 49.3 (48.4, 50.2) | 17,968 | 46.7 (45.7, 47.7) | 14,018 | 54.0 (53.0, 55.1) | −2.5*** | 7.3*** |
| Public only or none | 7,860 | 29.2 (27.9, 30.5) | 8,375 | 27.6 (26.4, 28.8) | 8,300 | 32.2 (30.9, 33.6) | −1.6 | 4.6*** |
a
Percentages are weighted to the U.S. civilian non-institutionalized population. Estimates reflect population prevalence of test awareness unadjusted for covariates.
b
t-test.
c
Question wording was different in 2000 and 2005/2010. In 2000, the question was: Would you say your risk of getting cancer in the future is low, medium, or high? In 2005 and 2010, it was: Compared to the average man/woman your age, would you say that you are more likely to get cancer, less likely, or about as likely?
*
p<0.05,
**
p<0.01,
***
p<0.001.