Table 1.
Means (standard deviations) and prevalences of sample characteristics by quartiles of pericardial adipose tissue
| Pericardial adipose tissue quartiles |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–49 cm3 | 50–69 cm3 | 70–99 cm3 | ≥100 cm3 | P-value | |
| (N=1,726) | (N=1,572) | (N=1,749) | (N=1,680) | ||
| Race/ethnicity, % | <0.001 | ||||
| Caucasian | 36 | 34 | 37 | 47 | |
| Chinese | 10 | 15 | 14 | 8 | |
| Black | 38 | 30 | 25 | 16 | |
| Hispanic | 15 | 21 | 24 | 28 | |
| Female, % | 68 | 60 | 51 | 33 | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | 59 (10) | 62 (10) | 64 (10) | 65 (10) | <0.001 |
| Age groups, % | <0.001 | ||||
| 44–54 | 43 | 30 | 22 | 18 | |
| 55–64 | 26 | 29 | 29 | 27 | |
| 65–74 | 22 | 28 | 32 | 36 | |
| 75–84 | 9 | 13 | 17 | 19 | |
| Education, % | <0.001 | ||||
| Less than high school | 12 | 17 | 21 | 22 | |
| Finished high school | 45 | 47 | 47 | 47 | |
| Finished college | 43 | 36 | 32 | 31 | |
| Smoking, % | <0.001 | ||||
| Current | 14 | 14 | 13 | 12 | |
| Former | 31 | 33 | 37 | 45 | |
| Never | 56 | 53 | 50 | 43 | |
| Intentional Physical Activity, % | <0.001 | ||||
| Low (0–299 MET-mins/wk) | 25 | 27 | 31 | 36 | |
| Moderate (300–1499 MET-mins/wk) | 36 | 39 | 38 | 37 | |
| High (≥1500 MET-mins/wk) | 39 | 35 | 31 | 27 | |
| Alcohol use, % | <0.001 | ||||
| Current drinker | 58 | 55 | 51 | 58 | |
| Former heavy drinker | 4 | 5 | 6 | 8 | |
| Former light drinker | 17 | 19 | 20 | 18 | |
| Never drinker | 21 | 22 | 23 | 16 | |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 121 (21) | 126 (22) | 128 (21) | 131 (20) | <0.001 |
| HDL Cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.5 (0.4) | 1.4 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.3) | 1.2 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.2 (0.7) | 1.4 (0.9) | 1.6 (1.1) | 1.8 (1.1) | <0.001 |
| Taking lipid-lowering medication, % | 11 | 15 | 18 | 21 | <0.001 |
| Taking antihypertensive medication, % | 26 | 33 | 42 | 47 | <0.001 |
| Diabetic, % | 7 | 11 | 15 | 20 | <0.001 |
| C-reactive protein (nmol/l) | 28 (49) | 34 (58) | 40 (58) | 42 (56) | <0.001 |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/ml) | 1.2 (1) | 1.4 (1) | 1.6 (1) | 1.9 (1) | <0.001 |
| Pericardial adipose tissue (cm3) | 38 (8) | 60 (6) | 83 (8) | 137 (37) | <0.001 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 25 (4) | 27 (5) | 29 (5) | 32 (5) | <0.001 |
| Waist (cm) | 88 (12) | 95 (12) | 101 (12) | 109 (13) | <0.001 |
| Agatston score (positives only) | 214 (428) | 263 (543) | 283 (571) | 365 (600) | <0.001 |
| Presence of coronary calcification (Agatston score > 0), % | 34 | 45 | 54 | 66 | <0.001 |
HDL indicates high-density lipoprotein. P-values are from analysis of variance (ANOVA) (continuous variables), indicating whether the means are different, or overall chi-square tests (categorical variables), indicating whether the cell percents are different than expected.