TABLE 4.

Risk factors for colonization with Candida kefyr in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) undergoing induction chemotherapy with one of two intensive, multiagent induction regimens given in a timed-sequential manner: (i) AcDVP16 (cytarabine, daunorubicin, and etoposide) and (ii) FLAM (flavopiridol, cytarabine, and mitoxantrone)

Characteristica	No. (%)		Value by analysisd:
			Univariate			Multivariate
	Cases, n = 22	Controls, n = 205	OR	95% CI	P	OR	95% CI	P
Age of >50 yr	13 (59)	124 (60)	0.9	0.4–2.3	0.9
Gender, male	11 (50)	116 (57)	0.8	0.3–1.8	0.56
Ethnicity, Caucasian vs other	18 (82)	166 (81)	1.1	0.3–3.3	0.92
Yr of ≥2009	7 (32)	50 (24)	1.5	0.6–3.7	0.45
Summer (July to September)	12 (55)	45 (22)	4.3	1.7–10.5	0.002	3.1	1.1–8.6	0.03
Regimen, AcDVP16 vs FLAM	15 (68)	148 (72)	0.8	0.3–2.1	0.7
Leukemia from MDS	6 (27)	68 (33)	0.8	0.3–2.0	0.58
ANC of <500, >21 days	17 (77)	155 (76)	1.1	0.4–3.1	0.86
ANC of <500 on presentation	6 (27)	62 (30)	0.9	0.3–2.3	0.77
Mucositis of ≥2nd grade	11 (50)	101 (49)	1.0	0.4–2.5	0.95
Receipt of TPN	3 (14)	47 (23)	0.5	0.1–1.9	0.32
Colonized with >1 Candida species	19 (86)	115 (56)	4.9	1.4–17.3	0.01	6.0	1.6–22.5	0.007
Receipt of L-Amb	11 (50)	148 (72)	0.4	0.2–0.9	0.04	0.35	0.01–0.99	0.05
Receipt of azoleb	2 (9)	144 (70)	0.06	0.01–0.3	<0.0001	0.06	0.01–0.3	<0.001
Receipt of echinocandinc	11 (50)	75 (37)	1.7	0.7–4.2	0.22
Receipt of 5FC	1 (5)	36 (18)	0.2	0.03–1.7	0.15

^aAbbreviations: MDS, myelodysplastic syndrome; ANC, absolute neutrophil count; TPN, total parenteral nutrition; L-Amb, liposomal amphotericin B; 5FC, flucytosine.

^bIncludes fluconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole.

^cIncludes anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin.

^dValues in bold indicate statistical significance.