Table 2.

Examples of disease outcomes targeted by veterinary vaccines, other than clinical disease in vaccinated animals.

outcome	disease examples
mortality	clostridial diseases, rinderpest, cattle lungworm
abortion rate	porcine parvovirus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS). Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) and salmonellosis in cattle. Chlamydophila abortus and toxoplasmosis in sheep. Equine herpesvirus
weight gain and efficiency of feed conversion into meat	PRRS, porcine circovirus
disease transmission rates	various including porcine circovirus and FMD
shedding of zoonotic pathogens (to protect human health)	Salmonella enteritidis in hen eggs, Escherichia coli O157 in cattle
morbidity in offspring after vaccination of dams	various including rotavirus and E. coli in cattle
protection against fetal infection in utero	BVD