Single leaf, uncovered soil: the effect of architectural parameters β1 (petiole angle in degrees) and m1 (petiole to leaf length ratio) on leaf (a) temperature T, (b) water vapour concentration C, (c) saturation s and (d) total transpiration rate Etot, at steady state (time th = 24 h), after introduction to T = 28°C environment. Here, we mimic the natural environment by ‘uncovering’ the soil to allow a water vapour flux from the soil surface.